Financial Performance of Indian Post Offices: A Case Study of North Western India

JOURNAL ARTICLE published 31 March 2024 in Journal of Economics & Management Research

Authors: Rohit Kanda | M3 Center, University of South Florida, Tampa Bay, Tampa FL, USA | Manisha Bansal Badal | CPMG, Circle Office, Department of Posts, Ministry of Communication, Government of India

2023 Canadian Surgery Forum01. Evaluation of physicians’ practices and knowledge regarding the treatment of acute uncomplicated diverticulitis03. What is the effect of rurality on outcomes for parathyroidectomy in a large North American jurisdiction?05. Characteristics of opioid providers for patients undergoing same-day breast surgery in Ontario, Canada06. Improving the management and outcomes of complex non-pedunculated colorectal polyps at a regional hospital in British Columbia10. Actinomycosis presenting as an anterior abdominal mass after laparoscopic cholecystectomy12. Prioritizing melanoma surgeries to prevent wait time delays and upstaging of melanoma during the COVID-19 pandemic13. Trust me, I know them: assessing interpersonal bias in general surgery residency interviews14. Current state of female and BIPOC representation in Canadian academic surgical societies15. Harnessing a province-wide network of surgical excellence and diverse talents for the continuous improvement of surgical care in BC16. Massive stone or is it glass: a curious case of porcelain gallbladder17. Choosing your endoscopist: a retrospective single-centre cohort study18. The local experience with endoscopic ampullectomy for noninvasive ampullary lesions at a single tertiary care centre19. Defining appropriate intraoperative patient blood management strategies in noncardiac surgery: the Ottawa Intraoperative Transfusion Consensus20. Postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction after neuromuscular blockade reversal with sugammadex versus cholinesterase inhibitors in patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis21. Factors influencing recurrence in medial breast cancer after skin-sparing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction22. What is the role of fit in medical education? A scoping review23. The obesity paradox revisited: Is obesity still a protective factor for patients with severe comorbidities or in high-risk operations?24. Planetary health education for residents — an integrative approach through quality improvement25. A rare case of concurrent primary malignancies: adrenal cortical carcinoma and metastatic colon cancer26. Effect of video-based self-assessment on intraoperative skills: a pilot randomized controlled trial28. A cost–utility study of elective hemorrhoidectomies in Canada30. Opioid-free hernia repair using local anesthetic: an assessment of postoperative pain and recovery31. Mitigating the environmental burden of surgical and isolation gowns33. The evolution and contributions of theCanadian Journal of Surgery: a bibliometric study34. Clinical and oncologic outcomes of patients with rectal cancer and past radiotherapy for prostate cancer: a case–control study35. Antibiotic prophylaxis and mechanical bowel preparation in elective colorectal surgery: a survey of Quebec general surgeons36. Identifying core deficiencies and needs in the surgical knot-tying curriculum: a single-centre qualitative analysis37. Spleen-preserving surgery for symptomatic benign splenic cyst: video case report38. Learning to manage power differentials and navigate uncertainty: a qualitative interview study about decision-making in surgery39. Surgical education checklist: a novel tool to improve uptake of Competence By Design in a residency program and surgical resident experience40. A comparative evaluation of management strategies and patient outcomes for acute appendicitis in the post-COVID era41. External benchmarking of colorectal resection outcomes using ACS-NSQIP: accurately categorizing procedures at risk of morbidity42. Role of thymectomy in surgical treatment of secondary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism43. Starting position during colonoscopy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials44. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery protocols following emergency intra-abdominal surgery reduces length of stay and postoperative morbidity: a systematic review and meta-analysis45. Competencies, privileging and geography: preparing general surgery residents for rural practice in British Columbia46. Holographic surgical skills training: Can we use holograms to teach hand ties and is it comparable to in-person learning?47. The association between gender and confidence in UBC general surgery residents48. Quality improvement in timeliness of EPA completion in general surgery residency49. Gastrointestinal system surgical outcomes in the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-era HIV-positive patient: a scoping review50. Joint rounds as a method to partner surgical residency programs and enhance global surgical training52. Preoperative frailty and mortality in medicare beneficiaries undergoing major and minor surgical procedures53. What’s going on out there? Evaluating the scope of rural general surgery in British Columbia54. Short-stay compared with long-stay admissions for loop ileostomy reversals: a systematic review and meta-analysis55. General surgeons’ right hemicolectomy costs proficiency and preferences56. Staple line with bioabsorbable reinforcement for gastropexy in hiatal hernia repair57. Impact of enhanced recovery pathways on patient-reported outcomes after abdominal surgery: a systematic review58. Evaluation of outcomes between rural, northern/remote, and urban surgical patients diagnosed with moderate to severe acute pancreatitis: a retrospective study59. Outcome of preoperative percutaneous drainage of intraabdominal abscess versus initial surgery in patients with Crohn disease60. Preliminary analysis: dexamethasone-supplemented TAP blocks may reduce opioid requirements after colorectal surgery: a multi-centre randomized controlled trial61. Preoperative skin preparation with chlorhexidine alcohol versus povidone–iodine alcohol for the prevention of surgical site infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials62. “Why didn’t you call me?” Factors junior learners consider when deciding whether to call their supervisor63. Cost savings associated with general surgical consultation within remote Indigenous communities in Quebec: a costing evaluation64. Right lateral decubitis patient position during colonoscopy increases endoscopist’s risk of musculoskeletal injury65. Reducing re-visit to hospital rates among pediatric post-appendectomy patients: a quality-improvement project66. Exploring gender diversity in surgical residency leadership across Canada67. Operating room sustainability project: quantifying the surgical environmental footprint for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 2 major surgical centres68. ERCP under general anesthesia compared with conscious sedation (EUGACCS) study69. Complications requiring intervention following gastrostomy/gastrojejunostomy tube insertion: a retrospective analysis70. Equity, diversity and inclusion (EDI) in underrepresented in medicine (URiM) residents: Where are we and what now?71. Association between complications and death within 30 days after general surgery procedures: a Vascular Events in Noncardiac Surgery Patients Cohort Evaluation (VISION) substudy72. What is the long-term impact of gastrograffin on adhesive small bowel obstruction? A systematic narrative review73. TRASH-CAN: Trainee-Led Research and Sudit for Sustainability in Healthcare Canada74. Representation and reporting of sociodemographic variables in BREAST-Q studies: a systematic review75. A scoping review: should tap water instead of sterile water be used for endoscopy of the colon and rectum?76. Laparoscopic revision of Nissen fundoplication with EndoFLIP intraoperative assistance: a video presentation77. Environmental sustainability in the operating room: perspectives and practice patterns of general surgeons in Canada78. The impact of COVID-19 on medical students applying to general surgery in the CaRMS matching process79. Novel approach to laparoscopic gastrostomy tube placement80. Using prucalopride for prevention of postoperative ileus in gastrointestinal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials81. Assessment of environmental and economic sustainability of perioperative patient warming strategies83. Development of a Canadian colorectal robotic surgery program: the first three years84. Patient safety and quality improvement lessons from review of Canadian thyroid and parathyroid surgery malpractice litigation case law01. Changes in sarcopenia status predict survival among patients with resectable esophageal cancer02. The feasibility of near-infrared fluorescence-guided robotic-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy using indocyanine green dye03. Does patient experience with robotic thoracic surgery influence their willingness to pay for it?04. Artificial intelligence–augmented endobronchial ultrasound-elastography is a useful adjunct for lymph node staging for lung cancer05. Preoperative mediastinal staging in early-stage lung cancer: targeted nodal sampling is not inferior to systematic nodal sampling06. The application of an artificial intelligence algorithm to predict lymph node malignancy in non-small cell lung cancer07. Pneumonectomy for non-small cell lung cancer: long-term overall survival from a 15-year experience09. Primary spontaneous pneumothorax occurred in pectus excavatum patients10. Optimizing management for early-stage esophageal adenocarcinoma: longitudinal results from a multidisciplinary program11. Needle decompressions in post-traumatic tension pneumothorax: boon or bane12. 10-year follow-up of endoscopic mucosal resection versus esophagectomy for esophageal intramucosal adenocarcinoma in the setting of Barrett esophagus: a Canadian experience13. Outcomes after thoracic surgery for malignancy in patients with severe and persistent mental illness15. Stage II/III esophageal cancer patients with complete clinical response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: a Markov decision analysis16. Development of a surgical stabilization of rib fractures program at a Level I trauma centre in Qatar: initial report17. Screening Criteria Evaluation for Expansion in Pulmonary Neoplasias (SCREEN) II18. Multi-centre study evaluating the risks and benefits of intraoperative steroids during pneumonectomy19. Prediction of esophageal cancer short-term survival using a pretreatment health-related quality of life measure20. Evaluating the impact of virtual care in thoracic surgery: patients’ perspective21. Virtual thoracic surgical outpatient encounters are non-inferior to in-person visits for overall patient care satisfaction in the post-COVID-19 era22. Concurrent minimally invasive esophagectomy and laparoscopic right hemicolectomy23. Assessing the impact of robotic-assisted thoracic surgery on direct carbon dioxide emissions — a retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort24. Young’s modulus of human lung parenchyma and tumours25. Thoracic surgery trauma: nail gun v. SVC26. Thymomatous myasthenia gravis after total thymectomy at a tertiary care surgical centre: a 15-year retrospective review27. Effectiveness of 18F-FDG-PET/CT in the stage diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): a diagnostic test accuracy systematic review and meta-analysis01. Emergency colon resection in the geriatric population: the modified frailty score as a risk factor of early mortality02. Laparoscopic ovarian transposition prior to pelvic radiation in young female patients with anorectal malignancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence03. Using preoperative C-reactive protein levels to predict anastomotic leaks and other complications after elective colorectal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis04. Perioperative intravenous dexamethasone for patients undergoing colorectal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis05. Population-based study comparing time from presentation to diagnosis and treatment between younger and older adults with colorectal cancer06. The role of warmed-humidified CO₂insufflation in colorectal surgery: a meta-analysis07. Total abdominal colectomy versus diverting loop ileostomy and antegrade colonic lavage for fulminantClostridioidescolitis: analysis of the national inpatient sample 2016–201908. Cutting seton for the treatment of cryptoglandular fistula-inano: a systematic review and meta-analysis09. Prognostic value of routine stain versus elastic trichrome stain in identifying venous invasion in colon cancer10. Anastomotic leak rate following the implementation of a powered circular stapler in elective colorectal surgeries11. Surgical technique and recurrence of Crohn disease following ileocolic resection12. Implementation of synoptic reporting for endoscopic localization of complex colorectal neoplasms: Can we reduce rates of repeat preoperative colonoscopy?13. Effects of diet and antibiotics on anastomotic healing: a mouse model study with varied dietary fibre and fat, and preoperative antibiotics14. Assessment of rectal surgery–related physical pain and conditioning: a national survey of Canadian rectal surgeons15. Does specimen extraction incision and transversus abdominis plane block affect opioid requirements after laparoscopic colectomy?16. Colorectal and therapeutic GI working together: What is the role for TAMIS for benign lesions?17. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on readmission rates following colorectal surgery18. More than the sum of its parts: the benefits of multidisciplinary conferences extend beyond patient care19. Multidisciplinary conference for rectal cancer — measuring patient care impact20. Patient outcomes in emergency colorectal cancer resections: a 15-year cohort analysis21. Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) protocols in colorectal cancer resection: a 15-year analysis of patient outcomes22. Laparoscopic to open conversion in colorectal cancer resection: a 15-year analysis of postoperative outcomes23. Management of postoperative ileus in colorectal cancer resections: a 15-year evaluation of patient outcomes24. Timing of ostomy reversal and associated outcomes: a systematic review25. Fragility of statistically significant outcomes in colonic diverticular disease randomized trials26. Postoperative day 1 and 2 C-reactive protein values for predicting postoperative morbidity following colorectal surgery27. Bariatric surgery before colorectal surgery reduces postoperative morbidity and health care resource utilization: a propensity score matched analysis28. Ileocolic Crohn disease: a video vignette of the Kono-S anastomosis29. Association between patient activation and postoperative outcomes in rectal cancer survivors30. Understanding surgeon and nurse perspectives on the use of patient-generated data in the management of low anterior resection syndrome31. Characteristics of interval colorectal cancer: a Canadian retrospective population-level analysis from Newfoundland and Labrador32. Current rectal cancer survivorship care: unmet patient needs and fragmented specialist and family physician care33. Local excision for T1 rectal cancer: a population-based study of practice patterns and oncological outcomes34. Can nonoperative management of acute complicated diverticulitis be successfully treated with a future hospital at home program? A retrospective cohort study35. Does patient activation impact remote digital health follow-up and same-day discharge after elective colorectal surgery36. Parastomal hernia prevention, assessment and management: best practice guidelines37. Anastomotic leak rates in circular powered staplers versus manual circular staplers in left sided colorectal anastomoses: a systematic review38. The Gips procedure for pilonidal disease: a video presentation39. Local recurrence-free survival after transanal total mesorectal excision: a Canadian institutional experience40. The impact of operative approach for obese colorectal cancer patients: analysis of the national inpatient sample (2015–2019)41. Safety and feasibility of discharge within 24 hours of colectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis42. Laparoscopic lateral lymph node dissection for an advanced rectal cancer: a video abstract43. “Dear diary”: challenges in adopting routine operative recording in surgical training44. Rectal cancer in the very young (age < 40) — more treatment, worse survival: a population-based study45. Surveillance following treatment for stage I–III rectal cancer in Ontario — a population-based descriptive study46. A 15-year institutional experience of trananal endoscopic microsurgery for local excision of benign and malignant rectal neoplasia47. Robotic approach to reoperative pelvic surgery48. A mucosa-adherent bacterium impairs colorectal anastomotic healing by upregulating interleukin-17: the role of low-grade inflammation as a driver of anastomotic leak49. High uptake of total neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer in Canada despite surgeon concerns for possible overtreatment and treatment-related toxicity50. Safety and feasibility of discharge within 24 hours of ileostomy reversal: a systematic review and meta-analysis51. Safety and efficacy of intravenous antifibrinolytic use in colorectal surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis52. Impact of ileal pouch anal anastomosis on fertility in female patients with uulcerative colitis: a systemic review53. Modulation of the gut microbiota with fermentable fibres and 5-aminosalicylate to prevent peri-anastomotic and metastatic recurrence of colorectal cancer54. Patients with locally advanced rectal cancer and a non-threatened circumferential resection margin may go straight to surgery and avoid radiation toxicities: the QuickSilver Trial55. Colonoscopies during the COVID-19 pandemic recovery period: Are we caught up on colorectal cancer detection and prevention? A single-institution experience56. Interim results of a phase II study evaluating the safety of nonoperative management for locally advanced low rectal cancer57. Assessing a tailored curriculum for endoscopic simulation for general surgery residency programs in Canada58. Modified Frailty Index for patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer: analysis of the National Inpatient Sample (2015–2019)59. Reducing postoperative bloodwork in elective colorectal surgery: a quality-improvement initiative60. A Nationwide Readmission Database (NRD) analysis assessing timing of readmission for complications following emergency colectomy: why limiting follow-up to postoperative day 30 underserves patients61. The same but different: clinical and Enhanced Recovery After Surgery outcomes in right hemicolectomy for colon cancer versus ileocecal resection in Crohn disease01. How reliable are postmastectomy breast reconstruction videos on YouTube?02. Knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, and barriers to genetic literacy among surgeons: a scoping review03. Exploring neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of postoperative breast cancer overall survival04. High β integrin expression is differentially associated with worsened pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma outcomes05. Epidemiology of undifferentiated carcinomas06. An evidence-based approach to the incorporation of total neoadjuvant therapy into a standardized rectal cancer treatment algorithm07. Pushing the boundaries: right retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy after laparoscopic right nephrectomy08. The role of caspase-1 in triple negative breast cancer, the immune tumour microenvironment and response to anti-PD1 immunotherapy09. Perioperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is associated with survival in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery10. Achievement of quality metrics in older adults undergoing elective colorectal cancer surgery11. Opportunities to improve the environmental sustainability of breast cancer surgical care12. Does margin status after biopsy matter in melanoma? A cohort study of micro- and macroscopic margin status and their impact on residual disease and survival13. Demonstration of D2 Lymph node stations during laparoscopic total gastrectomy14. Incidence of metastatic tumours to the ovary (Krukenberg) versus primary ovarian neoplasms associated with colorectal cancer surgery15. Spatial biomarkers in cancer16. How informed is the consent process for complex cancer resections?17. Adjuvant radiation therapy among immigrant and Canadian-born/long-term resident women with breast cancer18. Human peritoneal explant model reveals genomic alterations that facilitate peritoneal implantation of gastric cancer cells19. Preoperative breast satisfaction association with major complications following oncologic breast surgery20. Impact of geography on receipt of medical oncology consultation and neoadjuvant chemotherapy for triple negative andHER2positive breast cancer21. Comparison of radiation, surgery or both in women with breast cancer and 3 or more positive lymph nodes22. Impact of synoptic operative reporting as a quality indicator for thyroid surgery: a Canadian national study01. The Toronto management of initially unresectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer in a living donor liver transplant program02. Dissection of a replaced right hepatic artery arising from the superior mesenteric artery during a laparoscopic Whipple03. Implementing the HIBA index: a low-cost method for assessing future liver remnant function04. Oncologic outcomes after surgical resection versus thermoablation in early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials with meta-analysis05. Robotic pancreatic necrosectomy and internal drainage for walled-off pancreatic necrosis06. Predicting diabetes mellitus after partial pancreatectomy: PRIMACY, a pilot study07. Bleed and save: patient blood management in hepatectomy08. Defining standards for hepatopancreatobiliary cancer surgery in Ontario, Canada: a population-based cohort study of clinical outcomes09. Laparoscopic choledochoduodenostomy for recurrent choledocholithiasis10. A comparison of daytime versus evening versus overnight liver transplant from a single Canadian centre11. Pilot study validating the line of safety as a landmark for safe laparoscopic cholecystectomy using indocyanine green and near-infrared imagine12. Effect of transversus abdominis plane catheters on postoperative opioid consumption in patients undergoing open liver resections — a single-centre retrospective review13. Comparing the RETREAT score to the Milan criteria for predicting 5-year survival in post-liver transplant hepatocellular carcinoma patients: a retrospective analysis14. Characterizing the effect of a heat shock protein-90 inhibitor on porcine liver for transplantation using ex-vivo machine perfusion15. Modulation by PCSK9 of the immune recognition of colorectal cancer liver metastasis17. Implementation of a preoperative ketogenic diet for reduction of hepatic steatosis before hepatectomy19. Trends in the incidence and management of hepatocellular carcinoma in Ontario20. Canadian coaching program leads to successful transition from open to laparoscopic hepatopancreatobiliary surgery21. The impact of a positive pancreatic margin analyzed according to LEEPP on the recurrence and survival of patients with pancreatic head adenocarcinoma22. Armed oncolytic virus VSV-LIGHT/TNFSF14 promotes survival and results in complete pathological and radiological response in an immunocompetent model of advanced pancreatic cancer23. Comparing the efficacy of cefazolin/metronidazole, piperacillin-tazobactam, or cefoxitin as surgical antibiotic prophylaxis in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy: a retrospective cohort study01. Not just jumping on the bandwagon: a cost-conscious establishment of a robotic abdominal wall reconstruction program in a publicly funded health care system02. Shouldice method brief educational video03. Laparoscopic recurrent hiatal hernia repair with mesh gastropexy04. Robotic transabdominal preperitoneal Grynfeltt lumbar hernia repair with mesh01. Substance abuse screening prior to bariatric surgery: an MBSAQIP cohort study evaluating frequency and factors associated with screening02. MBSAQIP risk calculator use in elective bariatric surgery is uncommon, yet associated with reduced odds of serious complications: a retrospective cohort analysis of 210 710 patients03. Short-term outcomes of concomitant versus delayed revisional bariatric surgery after adjustable gastric band removal04. Safety and outcomes of bariatric surgery in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis08. Prescription drug usage as measure of comorbidity resolution after bariatric surgery — a population-based cohort study09. Experiences and outcomes of Indigenous patients undergoing bariatric surgery: a mixed-methods scoping review10. Bariatric surgery reduces major adverse kidney events in patients with chronic kidney disease: a multiple-linked database analysis in Ontario11. Inter-rater reliability of indocyanine green fluorescence angiography for blood flow visualization in laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass12. Characterization of small bowel obstructions following elective bariatric surgery13. Revision of bariatric surgery for gastroesophageal reflux disease: characterizing patient and procedural factors and 30-day outcomes for a retrospective cohort of 4412 patients14. Duodenal-jejunal bypass liners are superior to optimal medical management in ameliorating metabolic dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis15. Characteristics and outcomes for patients undergoing revisional bariatric surgery due to persistent obesity: a retrospective cohort study of 10 589 patients01. Collateral damage: the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the severity of abdominal emergency surgery at a regional hospital02. Pseudoaneurysms after high-grade penetrating solid organ injury and the utility of delayed CT angiography03. Pseudoaneurysm screening after pediatric high-grade solid organ injury04. Witnessed prehospital traumatic arrest: predictors of survival to hospital discharge05. A tension controlled, noninvasive device for reapproximation of the abdominal wall fascia in open abdomens08. Delayed vs. early laparoscopic appendectomy (DELAY) for adult patients with acute appendicitis: a randomized controlled trial09. Days at home after malignant bowel obstructions: a patient-centred analysis of treatment decisions10. Polytrauma and polyshock: prevailing puzzle11. National emergency laparotomy audit: a 9-year evaluation of postoperative mortality in emergency laparotomy13. A comparison of stress response in high-fidelity and low-fidelity trauma simulation14. ASA versus heparin in the treatment of blunt cerebrovascular injury — a systematic review and meta-analysis15. Comparison of complication reporting in trauma systems: a review of Canadian trauma registries16. Benefits of the addition of a nurse practitioner to a high-volume acute care surgery service: a quantitative survey of nurses, residents and surgery attendings17. Examining current evidence for trauma recurrence preventions systems18. Disparities in access to trauma care in Canada: a geospatial analysis of Census data19. Fast-track pathway to accelerated cholecystectomy versus standard of care for acute cholecystitis: the FAST pilot trial20. Using the modified Frailty Index to predict postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing surgery for adhesive small bowel obstruction: analysis of the National Inpatient Sample, 2015–201921. Adequacy of thromboprophylaxis in trauma patients receiving conventional versus higher dosing regimens of low-molecular-weight heparin: a prospective cohort study22. The hidden epidemiology of trauma in Nunavik: a comparison of trauma registries as a call to action23. Mapping surgical services in rural British Columbia: an environmental scan

JOURNAL ARTICLE published 8 December 2023 in Canadian Journal of Surgery

Authors: Raphaëlle Brière | Rogeh Habashi | Shaila Merchant | Lina Cadili | Zainab Alhumoud | Rebecca Lau | Nada Gawad | Rahim Valji | Patricia Nicole Balmes | Jun Guang Kendric Tan | Jun Guang Kendric Tan | Matthew Lund | Tori Lenet | Sahil Sharma | Christine Wang | Julian Wang | Hyo Jin Son | Rajajee Selvam | Alicia Follett | Saba Balvardi | Michael Guo | Kala Hickey | Nieve Seguin | Rachel Leong | Ahmed Amine Alaoui | Ahmed Amine Alaoui | Ge Shi | Simran Parmar | Fardowsa Mohamed | Yung Lee | Hanaa N. Mughal | Alisha R. Fernandes | Michal Pillar | Tania Kazi | Tyler McKechnie | Sara Bolin | Regina Leung | Elizabeth Clement | Kara Nadeau | Victoria H. Chen | Betty Wen | Jessica Lie | Rebecca Afford | Victoria Archer | Joëlle Labonté | Alisha R. Fernandes | Charbel El-Kefraoui | Tran (Michelle) Au | Raghad AlShammari | Samantha Bird | Marta Karpinski | Kameela Alibhai | Sarah Mashal | Intekhab Hossain | Robin Wigen | Kaitlyn Harding | Odelle Ma | Kaitlyn Harding | Jeremy Drung | Jeremy K.H. Lee | Lily J. Park | Sauleha Farooq | Gordon Best | Riordan Azam | Hilalion (San) Ahn | Simon Laplante | Odelle Ma | Gladys Bruyninx | Ilinca Georgescu | Gaurav Talwar | Karina Spoyalo | Susan Muncner | Christina Schweitzer | Uzair Jogiat | Yogita S. Patel | Yogita S. Patel | Nikkita Mistry | Kerrie A. Sullivan | Nikkita Mistry | Pier-Luc Haché | Jin Yong Jeong | Uzair Jogiat | Suhail Yaqoob Hakim | Alisha R. Fernandes | Shiloh Gossen | Adom Bondzi-Simpson | Ahmed Faidh Ramzee | Bright Huo | Catherine Giffin | Cara Weessies | Awrad Nasralla | Roy Hilzenrat | Laura Kerr | Ikennah Browne | Brandon Loshusan | Patel Pooja | Caroline Huynh | Sami Aftab Abdul | Claudie-Anne Pigeon | Lea Tessier | Zacharie Cloutier | Simarpreet Ichhpuniani | Matthew Castelo | Sahil Sharma | Tyler McKechnie | Tyler McKechnie | Linda Y.N. Fei | Jessica Lie | Sydney Candy | Haven Roy | Patricia Balmes | Haven Roy | Stephan Robitaille | Richard Hu | Maddy Lemke | Elizabeth Clement | Elizabeth Clement | Hanaa N. Mughal | Hanaa N. Mughal | Hanaa N. Mughal | Hanaa N. Mughal | Nicholas James | Tyler McKechnie | Tyler McKechnie | Tyler McKechnie | Olivia Hershorn | Alex Chen | Olivia Monton | Emily Courage | Jeongyoon Moon | Kelly Brennan | Neyla Boukhili | Tiffany Paradis | Terry Zwiep | Nadeesha Samarasinghe | Alexandra Harvey | Olivia Hershorn | Kathleen Logie | Mirna Matta | Amandeep Ghuman | Ameer Farooq | Vanessa Wiseman | Alessandro Ricci | Rohan Kakkar | Vanessa Wiseman | Roy Hajjar | Tamara Gimon | Laura Baker | Lily J. Park | Rehab Alsayari | Roy Hajjar | Erin Kennedy | Hafssah Alnajem | Erin Kennedy | Gladys Bruyninx | Rehab Alsayari | Lisa Zhang | Natasha Grace Caminsky | Mohammed Al-Abri | Nina Morena | Zuhaib Mir | Alisha Jaffer | Matthew Benesch | Matthew Benesch | Karineh Kazazian | Rogeh Habashi | Wanda Marini | Richard Hu | Tiago Ribeiro | Tulin Cil | Alex Lee | Rachel Liu Hennessey | Michael Bildersheim | Farhad Ghasemi | Yuvreet Kaur | Ashley Eom | Deanna Ng | Emma Grigor | Elliott K. Yee | Daniel Ben Lustig | Akie Watanabe | Luckshi Rajendran | Juan Glinka | Juan Glinka | Janyssa Charbonneau | Yifan Wang | Abdulrahman Alabduljabbar | Maud Labelle | Dhruvin Hirpara | Katlin Mallette | Subin Punnen | Molly White | Kimberley Lam-Tin-Cheung | Panthea Pouramin | Julien Côté | Yara Haddad | Evelyn Waugh | Hala Muaddi | Alice Zhu | Anthonie Hamel | Sarah Mansouri | Lily Park | Rachel Liu Hennessey | Oscar Henao | Rachel Liu Hennessey | Rachel Liu Hennessey | Sukhdeep Jatana | Alexandra Hetherington | Ali Safar | Hillary Wilson | Ted Wu | Marta Zmudzinski | Yung Lee | Romano Schneider | Cheynne McLean | Sarah MacVicar | Steffane McLennan | Steffane McLennan | Lisa Jeffery | Morgan Schellenberg | Morgan Schellenberg | Morgan Schellenberg | Joao Rezende-Neto | Sunil Patel | Tiago Ribeiro | Suhail Yaqoob Hakim | Hanaa N. Mughal | Ahmed Warraich | Jovana Momic | Alex Lee | Nahal Fansia | Guire Coyle | Prachikumari Patel | Lily J. Park | Gaurav Talwar | Matthew Connell | Lilly Groszman | Rachel Livergant | Marce Émond | Axel Benhamed | Pierre-Gilles Blanchard | Sébastien Drolet | Bahar Golbon | Jonas Shellenberger | Jesse Pasternak | Jonas Shellenberger | Julie La | Monakshi Sawhney | Susan Brogly | Michael Horkoff | Scott Ainslie | Jeffrey Demetrick | Brian Chai | Kevin Wiseman | Hamish Hwang | Amro Salem | Katherine Aw | Carolyn Nessim | Kameela Alibhai | Chelsea Towaij | Danielle Doan | Isabelle Raîche | Simon Turner | Hamish Hwang | S. Morad Hameed | Ruwan Wijesuriya | Nicole Lee Chui Hew | Ruwan Wijesuriya | Jeffrey Hawel | Jamie Gregor | Ken Leslie | Daniel McIsaac | Julie Hallet | Angela Jerath | Manoj Lalu | Stuart Nicholls | Justin Presseau | Alan Tinmouth | Michael Verret | Christopher Wherrett | Dean Fergusson | Guillaume Martel | Tyler McKechnie | Gaurav Talwar | Janhavi Patel | Luke Heimann | Aristithes Doumouras | Dennis Hong | Cagla Eskicioglu | Michael Guo | Longlong Huang | Shaun Sun | Noelle Davis | Samuel Skulsky | Lindsey Sikora | Isabelle Raîche | Denise Gee | David Gomez | James Jung | Nieve Seguin | Lisa Zhang | Ariane Lacaille-Ranger | Lindsey Sikora | Daniel McIsaac | Husein Moloo | Michael Organ | David Pace | Pepa Kaneva | Koorosh Semsar-Kazerooni | Carmen Mueller | Melina Vassiliou | Mohammed Al Mahroos | Julio F. Fiore | Kevin Schwartzman | Liane Feldman | Ahmer Karimuddin | Gui Ping Liu | Trafford Crump | Jason Sutherland | Erin M. Bonisteel | Jurgienne Umali | Ibrahim Dogar | Geoffrey Warden | Darrell Boone | Alexander Mathieson | Michael Hogan | David Pace | Husein Moloo | Yiran Li | Gordon Best | Sam Wiseman | Roy Hajjar | Evelyne Wassef | Danny Sebastien Metellus | François Dagbert | Rasmy Loungnarath | Richard Ratelle | Frank Schwenter | Éric Debroux | Ramses Wassef | Marianne Gagnon-Konamna | Alfons Pomp | Carole S. Richard | Herawaty Sebajang | Roy Hajjar | François Dagbert | Rasmy Loungnarath | Herawaty Sebajang | Richard Ratelle | Frank Schwenter | Éric Debroux | Ramses Wassef | Marianne Gagnon-Konamna | Alfons Pomp | Manuela M. Santos | Carole S. Richard | Regina Leung | Christina Lim | Sarah Knowles | Christine Wang | Estifanos Debru | Megan Anakin | Yasith Samarasinghe | Jigish Khamar | Bradley Petrisor | Tyler McKechnie | Cagla Eskicioglu | Ilun Yang | Mumtaz Bhugio | Muhammed A. Gok | Usman A. Khan | Richard Spence | Geoffrey Porter | C. Marius Hoogerboord | Katerina Neumann | Michael Guo | Neraj Manhas | Adrienne Melck | Tyler McKechnie | Ghazal Jessani | Luke Heimann | Yung Lee | Dennis Hong | Cagla Eskicioglu | Léa Tessier | Vicki Archer | Lily Park | Dan Cohen | Sameer Parpia | Mohit Bhandari | Joanna Dionne | Cagla Eskicioglu | Rebecca Afford | Madeleine Armstrong | Ahmer Karimuddin | Ge Shi | Christina Lim | Aaron Grant | Julie Ann Van Koughnett | Sarah Knowles | Claire Lange | Aishwi Roshan | Ahmer Karimuddin | Tracy Scott | Jennifer Macmillan | Jaime Wilson | Madeleine Deschenes | Aruba Nurullah | Caitlin Cahill | Keiko M. Patterson | Sam M. Wiseman | Joshua Bhudial | Anise Barton | Chan Mi Park | Laiji Yang | Natalia Gouskova | Dae Hyun Kim | Sara Bolin | Dunavan Morris-Janzen | Alastair McLellan | Ahmer Karimuddin | Zacharie Cloutier | Annie Berg | Tyler McKechnie | Wojtek Wiercioch | Cagla Eskicioglu | Pascale Bisson | André Bégin | Sonia Gabriela Cheng-Oviedo | Yves Collin | Intekhab Hossain | James Ellsmere | Uyen Do | Andrew Miller | Araz Kouyoumdjian | David Cui | Elahe Khorasani | Tara Landry | Alexandre Amar-Zifkin | Lawrence Lee | Liane Feldman | Julio Fiore | Mark Oppenheimer | Sarvesh Logsetty | Mohammad AlAbri | Ahmer Karimuddin | Carl Brown | Manoj J. Raval | (Paul) Terry Phang | Zarrukh Baig | Nawaf Abu-Omar | Dilip Gill | Soumiya Suresh | Nathan Ginther | Amandeep Ghuman | Peter R.A. Malik | Taryn Zabolotniuk | Isabelle Raîche | Nada Gawad | Nathalie Boulanger | Larry Watt | Tarek Razek | Paola Fata | Jeremy Grushka | Evan G. Wong | Maxim Landry | Sarah Mackey | Nicholas Fairbridge | Alison Greene | Mark Borgoankar | Cullen Kim | Diana DeCarvalho | David Pace | Emily Walser | Jacob Davidson | Michael Dorward | Leanne Muszynski | Celia Dann | Natashia Seemann | Jennifer Lam | A.J. Lowik | Caroline Guinard | Sam Wiseman | Valentin Mocanu | Andrea Lin | Shahzeer Karmali | David Bigam | Grant Greaves | Brent Parker | Vu Nguyen | Azim Ahmed | Belinda Yee | Joël Perren | Mathew Norman | Morgan Grey | Rafael Perini | Fahd Jowhari | Adrian Bak | Laura Allen | Daniele Wiseman | Bradley Moffat | Catherine McGuire | Isabelle Raîche | Mihaela Tudorache | Nada Gawad | Flavia K. Borges | Rahima Nenshi | Michael Jacka | Diane Heels-Ansdell | Marko Simunovic | Jessica Bogach | Pablo E. Serrano | Lehana Thabane | P.J. Devereaux | Erica Lester | Janice Kung | Nori Bradley | San Ahn | Lisa Zhang | Nicole Prince | Olivia Cheng-Boivin | Nieve Seguin | Harry Wang | Liam Quartermain | Sherry Tan | Jennifer Shamess | Mathilde Simard | Humberto Vigil | Isabelle Raîche | Mary Hanna | Husein Moloo | Gary Ko | Mayanne Zhu | Yanuga Raveendran | Christine Lam | Janet Tang | Amrit Bajwa | Marina Englesakis | Emma Reel | Jordan Cleland | Laura Snell | Gianni Lorello | Tulin Cil | Catherine Dube | Daniel McIsaac | David Smith | Alexie Leclerc | Jennifer Shamess | Alaa Rostom | Natalia Calo | Kednapa Thavorn | Husein Moloo | Louis Liu | Nadia Khan | Allan Okrainec | Andrea Lin | Valentin Mocanu | Shahzeer Karmali | David Bigam | Vladislav Khokhotva | Sahil Sharma | Tyler McKechnie | Shuling Yang | Jigish Khamar | Dennis Hong | Aristithes Doumouras | Cagla Eskicioglu | Thais Ayres Rebello | Gyan Chhipi-Shrestha | Kelly Mayson | Rehan Sadiq | Kasun Hewage | Andrea MacNeill | Mo Yu Li | Igor Mihajlovic | Mark Dykstra | Ryan Snelgrove | Haili Wang | Sam M. Wiseman | Ivneet Garcha | Vickie Baracos | Simon R. Turner | Dean Eurich | Heather Filafilo | Armin Rouhi | Alexandre Bédard | Eric L.R. Bédard | Jacob A. Alaichi | John Agzarian | Wael C. Hanna | Jacob A. Alaichi | Esther Provost | Bobby Shayegan | Anthony Adili | Wael C. Hanna | Anthony A. Gatti | Yogita S. Patel | Forough Farrokhyar | Feng Xie | Wael C. Hanna | Forough Farrokhyar | Yogita S. Patel | Moishe Liberman | Simon R. Turner | Anne V. Gonzalez | Rahul Nayak | Kazuhiro Yasufuku | Wael C. Hanna | Anthony A. Gatti | Yogita S. Patel | Sam Cross | Forough Farrokhyar | Feng Xie | Wael C. Hanna | Geraud Galvaing | Serge Simard | Jocelyn Grégoire | Jean Bussières | Yves Lacasse | Sami Sassi | Catherine Champagne | Anne-Sophie Laliberté | Hillary Wilson | Alexandre Bédard | Pam Blakely | Jerry Dang | Warren Sun | Shahzeer Karmali | Eric L.R. Bédard | Clarence Wong | Samim Azizi | Ayman El-Menyar | Sandro Rizoli | Hassan Al-Thani | Daniel French | Chao Li | James Ellsmere | Daniel French | Jon Bailey | Phil Tibbo | Candice Crocker | Tiago Ribeiro | Biniam Kidane | Michael Ko | Natalie Coburn | Girish Kulkarni | Julie Hallet | Ibrahim Afifi | Mushrek Alani | Ruben Peralta | Ayman El-Menyar | Sandro Rizoli | Hassan Al-Thani | Talat Chughtai | Daria Manos | Zhaolin Xu | Katerina-Maria Kontouli | Samuel Chun | John Fris | Allison M.R. Wallace | Daniel G. French | Moishe Liberman | Gabriel Dayan | Anne-Sophie Laliberté | Kazuhiro Yasufuku | Alexander Farivar | Biniam Kidane | Madeline Robinson | Leeann Bednarek | Gordon Buduhan | Richard Liu | Lawrence Tan | Sadeesh K. Srinathan | Biniam Kidane | Najib Safieddine | Sayf Gazala | Carmine Simone | Negar Ahmadi | Maurice Blitz | Shaun Deen | Michael Humer | Anand Jugnauth | Gordon Buduhan | Simon Sun | Yogita Patel | Wael Hanna | Arefin Shamsil | Michael D. Naish | Mehdi Qiabi | Rahul Nayak | Rajni Patel | Richard Malthaner | Ribeiro Roberto | Hirsch Greg | French Daniel | Sohat Sharma | Arthur Vieira | Fagun Jain | Yejun Lee | Dorsa Mousa-Doust | Jonice Costa | Michelle Mezei | Kristine Chapman | Hannah Briemberg | Kristin Jack | Kyle Grant | James Choi | John Yee | Anna L. McGuire | Francois Khazoom | Katherine Aw | Rebecca Lau | Sebastien Gilbert | Sudhir Sundaresan | Daniel Jones | Andrew J.E. Seely | Patrick J. Villeneuve | Donna E. Maziak | Jonathan Frigault | Sébastien Drolet | Ève-Marie Roy | Kristopher Bujold-Pitre | Valérie Courval | Tyler McKechnie | Yung Lee | Lily Park | Nirupa Gangam | Cagla Eskicioglu | Tyler McKechnie | Victoria Archer | Lily Park | Jay Lee | Ashaka Patel | Dennis Hong | Cagla Eskicioglu | Tyler McKechnie | Geoffrey Elder | Andrew Chen | Kathleen Logie | Aristithes Doumouras | Dennis Hong | Randy Benko | Cagla Eskicioglu | Lawrence Paszat | Bettina Hansen | Adena Scheer | Neil Faught | Lena Nguyen | Nancy Baxter | Tyler McKechnie | Jigish Khamar | Kathy Wu | Cagla Eskicioglu | Jigish Khamar | Yung Lee | Léa Tessier | Edward Passos | Aristithes Doumouras | Dennis Hong | Cagla Eskicioglu | Jigish Khamar | Anjali Sachdeva | Yung Lee | Dennis Hong | Cagla Eskicioglu | Antonio Caycedo | Sunil Patel | Teodora Popa | Lee Boudreau | Andrea Grin | Tao Wang | Ahmer Karimuddin | Carl Brown | Terry Phang | Manoj Raval | Amandeep Ghuman | Kareena Nanda | Christine Li | Ryan Snelgrove | Mark Dykstra | Karen Kroeker | Haili Wang | Ramzi M. Helewa | Garrett Johnson | Harminder Singh | Eric Hyun | Dana Moffatt | Ashley Vergis | Terry Phang | Michael Guo | Jerry Liu | Sandra Webber | Farhana Shariff | Ramzi M. Helewa | Dave Hochman | Jason Park | Garrett Johnson | Eric Hyun | Anna Wang | Michael Maalouf | Naser Alali | Hiba Elhaj | Sender Liberman | Patrick Charlebois | Barry Stein | Liane Feldman | Julio F. Fiore | Lawrence Lee | Ariane Lacaille-Ranger | San Ahn | Mihaela Tudorache | Husein Moloo | Lara Williams | Isabelle Raîche | Reilly Musselman | Laura Allen | Nadeesha Samarasinghe | Kelly Vogt | Muriel Brackstone | Terry Zwiep | Claire Lange | Armaghan Alam | Anu Ghuman | Ahmer Karimuddin | Terry Phang | Manoj Raval | Carl Brown | Jerry Liu | Anu Ghuman | Ahmer Karimuddin | Terry Phang | Manoj Raval | Carl Brown | Muhammed A. Gok | Usman A. Khan | Muhammed A. Gok | Usman A. Khan | Muhammed A. Gok | Usman A. Khan | Muhammed A. Gok | Usman A. Khan | Terry Zwiep | Julie Ann Van Koughnett | Dora Laczko | Shuling Yang | Kathy Wu | Sahil Sharma | Yung Lee | Lily Park | Aristithes Doumouras | Dennis Hong | Sameer Parpia | Mohit Bhandari | Cagla Eskicioglu | Léa Tessier | Stephanie Lee | Tania Kazi | Praveen Sritharan | Yung Lee | Aristithes Doumouras | Dennis Hong | Cagla Eskicioglu | Yung Lee | Dennis Hong | Joanna Dionne | Aristithes Doumouras | Sameer Parpia | Mohit Bhandari | Cagla Eskicioglu | Amandeep Ghuman | Ahmer Karimuddin | Carl Brown | Manoj Raval | P. Terry Phang | Marylise Boutros | Natasha Caminsky | Teodora Dumitra | Sarah Faris-Sabboobeh | Marie Demian | Georgia Rigas | Allister Smith | Jeongyoon Moon | Marie Demian | Richard Garfinkle | Carol-Ann Vasilevsky | Fateme Rajabiyazdi | Marylise Boutros | Danielle LeBlanc | Matthew Benesch | Kala Hickey | Katia Hartwig | Casey Armstrong | Reniel Engelbrecht | Mitchell Fagan | Mark Borgaonkar | David Pace | Jessica Shanahan | Ebram Salama | Anna Wang | Mylène Arsenault | Nathalie Leon | Carmen Loiselle | Fatemeh Rajabiyazdi | Marylise Boutros | Mandip Rai | Ameer Farooq | Chad McClintock | Weidong Kong | Sunil Patel | Natasha Caminsky | Sarah Faris-Sabboobeh | Marie Demian | Marylise Boutros | Stephan Robitaille | Teodora Dumitra | A. Sender Liberman | Patrick Charlebois | Barry Stein | Julio F. Fiore | Liane. S. Feldman | Lawrence Lee | Deborah Abner | Tarik Alam | Elaine Beyer | Michele Evans | Mary Hill | Debra Johnston | Karla Lohnes | Svea Menard | Nicole Pitcher | Kelly Sair | Bev Smith | Bonita Yarjau | Kimberly LeBlanc | Ahmer A. Karimuddin | Carl J. Brown | P. Terry Phang | Manoj J. Raval | Karen MacDonell | Amandeep Ghuman | P. Terry Phang | Ahmer Karimuddin | Carl J. Brown | Manoj J. Raval | Amandeep Ghuman | Amandeep Ghuman | Ahmer Karimuddin | Manoj Raval | P. Terry Phang | Carl Brown | Tyler Mckechnie | Yung Lee | Dennis Hong | Cagla Eskicioglu | Laura Baker | Jessica Hopkins | Ryan Rochon | Donald Buie | Anthony MacLean | Jason Park | Ahmer A. Karimuddin | P. Terry Phang | Manoj J. Raval | Carl J. Brown | Amandeep Ghuman | Sunil Patel | Hugh Macdonald | Ahmer Karimuddin | Manoj Raval | P. Terry Phang | Carl Brown | Kelly Brennan | Sunil Patel | Ameer Farooq | Shaila Merchant | Weidong Kong | Chad McClintock | Chris Booth | Tim Hann | Sunil Patel | Kelly Brennan | Vanessa Wiseman | Chad McClintock | Weidong Kong | Ameer Farooq | Olivia Hershorn | Manoj Raval | P. Terry Phang | Ahmer Karimuddin | Amandeep Ghuman | Carl Brown | Ameer Farooq | Sunil Patel | Emmanuel Gonzalez | Gabriela Fragoso | Manon Oliero | Ahmed Amine Alaoui | Hervé Vennin Rendos | Souad Djediai | Thibault Cuisiniere | Patrick Laplante | Claire Gerkins | Ayodeji Samuel Ajayi | Khoudia Diop | Nassima Taleb | Sophie Thérien | Frédéricke Schampaert | Hefzi Alratrout | François Dagbert | Rasmy Loungnarath | Herawaty Sebajang | Frank Schwenter | Ramses Wassef | Richard Ratelle | Éric Debroux | Jean-François Cailhier | Bertrand Routy | Borhane Annabi | Nicholas J.B. Brereton | Carole Richard | Manuela M. Santos | Helen MacRae | Anthony de Buck van Overstraeten | Mantaj Brar | Sami Chadi | Erin Kennedy | Jessica Hopkins | Ryan Rochon | Donald Buie | Anthony MacLean | Victoria Archer | Tyler McKechnie | Yung Lee | Daniel McIsaac | Pavel Rashanov | Cagla Eskicioglu | Husein Moloo | P.J. Devereaux | Tyler McKechnie | Simarpreet Ichhpuniani | Yung Lee | Cagla Eskicioglu | Manon Oliero | Gabriela Fragoso | Ayodeji Samuel Ajayi | Ahmed Amine Alaoui | Hervé Vennin Rendos | Annie Calvé | Thibault Cuisinière | Claire Gerkins | Sophie Thérien | Nassima Taleb | François Dagbert | Herawaty Sebajang | Rasmy Loungnarath | Frank Schwenter | Richard Ratelle | Ramses Wassef | Eric Debroux | Carole Richard | Manuela M. Santos | Marko Simunovic | Selina Schmocker | Carl Brown | Anthony MacLean | Sender Liberman | Sébastien Drolet | Katerina Neumann | Peter Stotland | Kartik Jhaveri | Richard Kirsch | Huseen Alibrahim | Christian Giundi | Alex Chen | Georgia Rigas | Haroon Munir | Ali Safar | Sarah Sabboobeh | Jessica Holland | Marylise Boutros | Carole Richard | Marko Simunovic | Selina Schmocker | Carl Brown | Anthony MacLean | Sender Liberman | Sébastien Drolet | Katerina Neumann | Peter Stotland | Kartik Jhaveri | Richard Kirsch | Dilip Gill | Tyler McKechnie | Yung Lee | Dennis Hong | Cagla Eskicioglu | Sean Abtahi | Allison Chhor | Gordon Best | Isabelle Raîche | Reilly Musselman | Lara Williams | Husein Moloo | Jenny (Jeongyoon) Moon | Daniel Marinescu | Allison Pang | Carol-Ann Vasilevsky | Marylise Boutros | Elliott Gee | Ahmer Karimuddin | P. Terry Phang | Carl Brown | Manoj Raval | Amandeep Ghuman | Libby Ben-Zvi | Victoria Hayman | Mary Hou | Diana Nguyen | Carrie A. Rentschler | Ari N. Meguerditchian | Linda Fei | Sandra McKeown | Rachelle Dinchong | Nicholas Cofie | Nancy Dalgarno | Rona Cheifetz | Shaila Merchant | Carolyn Cullinane | Gerard Feeney | Amirhossein Jalali | Anne Merrigan | Chwanrow Baban | Juliette Buckley | Shona Tormey | Rongrong Wu | Kazuaki Takabe | Shalana O’Brien | Ali Hosni Abdalaty | Christine Brezden | Ron Burkes | Eric Chen | Anand Govindarajan | Raymond Jang | Erin Kennedy | Jelena Lukovic | Aruz Mesci | Fayez Quereshy | Carol Swallow | Sami Chadi | Jesse Pasternak | Weiyue Zheng | Kiichi Murakami | Pamela Ohashi | Michael Reedijk | Victoria Ivankovic | Lewis Han | Louise Gresham | Ranjeeta Mallick | Rebecca Auer | Adom Bondzi-Simpson | Natalie Coburn | Julie Hallet | Adam Fontebasso | Ericka Bernard-Bedard | Boaz Wong | Heidi Li | Elysia Grose | Olivier Brandts-Longtin | Katie Aw | Rebecca Lau | Ahmad Abed | James Stevenson | Rahat Sheikh | Richard Chen | Stephanie Johnson-Obaseki | Carolyn Nessim | Adam T. Meneghetti | Antoine Bouchard-Fortier | Gregg Nelson | Lloyd Mack | Mahtab Malekian Naeini | Armen Parsyan | Andrea Covelli | Fayez Quereshy | Elena Elimova | Elan Panov | Jelena Lukovic | James Brierley | Bev Burnett | Carol Swallow | David Kirkwood | Nicole Hodgson | Aristithes Doumouras | Jessica Bogach | Timothy Whelan | Mark Levine | Elena Parvez | Karineh Kazazian | Kiera Lee | Yi Qing Lu | Dae Kyum Kim | Marco Magalhaes | Angel Arnaout | Jing Zhang | Julie Hallet | Nicole J. Look Hong | Lena Nguyen | Natalie Coburn | Frances C. Wright | Sonal Gandhi | Katarzyna J. Jerzak | Andrea Eisen | Amanda Roberts | May Lynn Quan | Tien Phan | Antoine Bouchard-Fortier | Jeff Cao | Conrad Bayley | Susan Yao | Eitan Prisman | Gary Groot | Elliot Mitmaker | Ross Walker | Jonn Wu | Jesse Pasternak | Chi Kien Lai | Antoine Eskander | Jonathan Wasserman | Frederic Mercier | Kathryn Roth | Sabrina Gill | Carlos Villamil | David Goldstein | Vicki Munro | Alok Pathak | Debon Lee | Anne Nguyen | Sam Wiseman | Marco Claasen | Tommy Ivanics | Nazia Selzner | Ian McGilvray | Mark Cattral | Anand Ghanekar | Carol-Anne Moulton | Trevor Reichman | Chaya Shwaartz | Ur Metser | Ron Burkes | Erin Winter | Steven Gallinger | Gonzalo Sapisochin | Evelyn Waugh | Ken Leslie | Anton Skaro | Epharaim Tang | Alexandre Brind’Amour | Alexis F. Turgeon | Sarah O’Connor | Thomas Couture | Osamu Yoshino | Michael Driedger | Michael Beckman | Dionisios Vrochides | John Martinie | Maral Aali | Christopher Lightfoot | Boris Gala-Lopez | Frédérick D’Aragon | Yves Collin | Jonathan Irish | Mohammed Rashid | Tharsiya Martin | Alice Zhu | Leah McKnight | Amber Hunter | Shiva Jayaraman | Alice Wei | Natalie Coburn | Frances Wright | Ahmad Elnahas | Nawar Alkhamesi | Christopher Schlachta | Jeffrey Hawel | Ephraim Tang | Jade Zhong | Yuwei Yang | Lucas Streith | Jordan Yu | Stephen Chung | Peter Kim | Stephanie Chartier-Plante | Maja Segedi | Michael Bleszynski | Melanie E. Tsang | Shiva Jayaraman | Shiva Jayaraman | Melanie Tsang | Brittany Greene | Susan Allen | David Evan Nelson | Mark Walsh | Rolando Rebolledo | Mélanie Borie | Ahmed Menaouar | Carolyne Landry | Marylène Plasse | Richard Létourneau | Michel Dagenais | Zhixia Rong | André Roy | Eve Beaudry-Simoneau | Franck Vandenbroucke-Menu | Réal Lapointe | Pasquale Ferraro | Shant Der Sarkissian | Nicolas Noiseux | Simon Turcotte | Antoine Bernard | Clara Lafortune | Nathalie Brassard | Annie Roy | Claude Perreault | Gaétan Mayer | Mieczyslaw Marcinkiewicz | Majambu Mbikay | Michel Chrétien | Simon Turcotte | Lynne Sinclair | Juan Glinka | Elizabeth Shin | Crystal Engelage | Ephraim Tang | Anton Skaro | Jennifer Flemming | Bettina Hansen | Laura Dawson | Grainne O’Kane | Jordan Feld | Gonzalo Sapisochin | Shiva Jayaraman | Sean Cleary | Claudie-Anne Pigeon | Camille Marcoux | Thanh-Quan Philips Ngo | Isabelle Deshaies | Nawal Amhis | Maxime Léveillé | Christine Lawson | Carol Achard | Carolina Ilkow | Yves Collin | Lee-Hwa Tai | Christopher Griffiths | Daniel D’Souza | Felipe Rodriguez | Tyler McKechnie | Pablo E. Serrano | Yuwei Yang | Adam T. Meneghetti | O. Neely. M. Panton | Chieh Jack Chiu | Fernando Spencer Netto | Marguerite Mainprize | Chieh Jack Chiu | Chieh Jack Chiu | Kevin Verhoeff | Valentin Mocanu | Uzair Jogiat | Daniel Birch | Shahzeer Karmali | Noah Switzer | Kevin Verhoeff | Valentin Mocanu | Daniel Birch | Shahzeer Karmali | Noah Switzer | Najla Al-Ghaithi | Phil Vourtzoumis | Sebastian Demyttenaere | Olivier Court | Amin Andalib | Kevin Verhoeff | Jerry Dang | Janice Kung | Noah Switzer | Daniel Birch | Karen Madsen | Shahzeer Karmali | Valentin Mocanu | Wenjing He | Ashley Vergis | Krista Hardy | Felica Daenick | Janice Linton | Marta Zmudzinski | Melinda Fowler-Woods | Wenjing He | Amanda Fowler-Woods | Geraldine Shingoose | Ashley Vergis | Krista Hardy | Aristithes Doumouras | Amber Molnar | Francis Nguyen | Dennis Hong | Andras B. Fecso | Priya Sharma | Azusa Maeda | Timothy Jackson | Allan Okrainec | Valentin Mocanu | Daniel Birch | Shahzeer Karmali | Noah Switzer | Jerry Dang | Valentin Mocanu | Kevin Verhoeff | Uzair Jogiat | Shahzeer Karmali | Daniel Birch | Noah Switzer | Kevin Verhoeff | Kieran Purich | Jerry Dang | Janice Kung | Valentin Mocanu | Kevin Verhoeff | Valentin Mocanu | Uzair Jogiat | Daniel W. Birch | Shahzeer Karmali | Noah J. Switzer | Hamish Hwang | Alexis Ryley | Natthida Owattanapanich | Brent Emigh | Chance Nichols | Joshua Dilday | Chaiss Ugarte | Atsushi Onogawa | Kazuhide Matsushima | Matthew J. Martin | Kenji Inaba | Brent Emigh | Chance Nichols | Joshua Dilday | Chaiss Ugarte | Atsushi Onogawa | Doug Shapiro | Daniel Im | Kenji Inaba | Natthida Owattanapanich | Chaiss Ugarte | Lydia Lam | Matthew J. Martin | Kenji Inaba | Lisa Zhang | Zuhaib Mir | Madeline Lemke | William Leeper | Laura Allen | Eric Walser | Kelly Vogt | Sarah Bateni | Adom Bondzi-Simpson | Natalie Coburn | Julie Hallet | Victoria Barabash | Austin Barr | Wing Chan | Ayman El-Menyar | Sandro Rizoli | Hassan Al-Thani | Mumtaz Bhugio | Muhammed A. Gok | Usman A. Khan | Lawrence Gillman | Markus Ziesmann | Nouf Yassin | Mella Kim | Amy Makish | Eric Walser | Shane Smith | Ian Ball | Brad Moffat | Neil Parry | Kelly Vogt | Jenna Kroeker | David Evans | Chana Notik | Evan G. Wong | David Seben | Jaiden Smith | Brandy Tanenbaum | Corey Freedman | Avery Nathens | Robert Fowler | Tim Elrick | Meghan Ewing | Steven Di Marco | Tarek Razek | Jeremy Grushka | Evan G. Wong | Flavia K. Borges | Rahima Nenshi | Pablo E. Serrano | Paul Engels | Kelly Vogt | Emily Di Sante | Jessica Vincent | Kate Tsiplova | P.J. Devereaux | Joanna Dionne | Tyler McKechnie | Yung Lee | Tania Kazi | Abdullah El-Sayes | Jessica Bogach | Dennis Hong | Cagla Eskicioglu | Amanda Klooster | Jenna Beck | Kevin Verhoeff | Matt Strickland | Ram Anantha | Natasha G. Caminsky | Larry Watt | Nathalie Boulanger | Tarek Razek | Jeremy Grushka | Steven Di Marco | Evan G. Wong | Brooke McDonald | Catherine Binda | Shreya Luthra | Nicole Ebert | Ryan Falk | Emilie Joos

POST RESTRUCTURING PERFORMANCE OF STATE LEVEL PUBLIC ENTERPRISES IN WEST BENGAL–A CASE STUDY

BOOK CHAPTER published 30 November 2023 in Futuristic Trends in Management Volume 2 Book 5

Authors: Dr. Rama Nag (De)

ANALYSIS OF THE PERFORMANCE OF THE ENTERPRISE IN THE CONCEPTS OF THE "GOLDEN RULE" OF THE ECONOMY AND THE BALANCED SCORECARD

JOURNAL ARTICLE published September 2023 in ECONOMIC VECTOR

Authors: A.N. Tsatsulin | North-West Institute of Management of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (SZIU RANHIGS) under the President of the Russian Federation

Theoretical aspects of employment of the population, creation of new jobs in the modernization of the economy

JOURNAL ARTICLE published 7 April 2023 in Новый Узбекистан: успешный международный опыт внедрения международных стандартов финансовой отчетности

Authors: Shoira Turayeva | Nasiba Kurbanova

Training of qualified specialists in the conditions of digitalization of education

JOURNAL ARTICLE published 25 March 2023 in Современные тенденции инновационного развития науки и образования в глобальном мире

Authors: Сайдибзал Сайдивосилов

Creating an electronic educational environment in educational institutions in conditions of digitalization of education

JOURNAL ARTICLE published 23 March 2023 in Современные тенденции инновационного развития науки и образования в глобальном мире

Authors: Bekzod Khaitov

The effective ways of combating monopoly in business sphere in condition of digitalization

JOURNAL ARTICLE published 11 March 2023 in Современные тенденции инновационного развития науки и образования в глобальном мире

Authors: Makhbuba Norquvvatova | Markhabo Saidova

MEASURING TECHNOLOGICAL CAPABILITY AND BUSINESS PERFORMANCE POST-COVID ERA: EVIDENCE FROM SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES(SMEs) IN NIGERIA

JOURNAL ARTICLE published 30 November 2022 in Management &amp; Marketing

Authors: Timilehin Olasoji Olubiyi | National Open University of Nigeria

Antique dialogue and dialectics in english language

JOURNAL ARTICLE published 3 June 2022 in Zamonaviy lingvistik tadqiqotlar: xorijiy tajribalar, istiqbolli izlanishlar va tillarni o‘qitishning innovatsion usullari

Authors: G Botirova

Measuring Financial Health of State-Owned Enterprises using Altmans Z Score Model

JOURNAL ARTICLE published 2022 in International Journal of Public Sector Performance Management

Authors: Sanjay Sawant Dessai | Resham Kaur Bhambra

The influence of private equity and venture capital on the post-IPO performance of newly-public acquirers

JOURNAL ARTICLE published January 2022 in The North American Journal of Economics and Finance

Authors: Natalia Matanova | Tanja Steigner | Ninon Sutton | Linh Thompson

Counting the cost of state-owned enterprises failure in South Africa: Post-apartheid betrayals or mere inefficiency?

BOOK CHAPTER published 2022 in State-owned enterprises in Africa and the economics of public service delivery

Authors: Fulufhelo G. Netswera | Durban University of Technology

(2021) Volume 2, Issue 4 Cultural Implications of China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC Authors: Dr. Unsa Jamshed Amar Jahangir Anbrin Khawaja Abstract: This study is an attempt to highlight the cultural implication of CPEC on Pak-China relations, how it will align two nations culturally, and what steps were taken by the governments of two states to bring the people closer. After the establishment of diplomatic relations between Pakistan and China, the cultural aspect of relations between the two states also moved forward. The flow of cultural delegations intensified after the 2010, because this year was celebrated as the ‘Pak-China Friendship Year’. This dimension of relations further cemented between the two states with the signing of CPEC in April 2015. CPEC will not only bring economic prosperity in Pakistan but it will also bring two states culturally closer. The roads and other communication link under this project will become source of cultural flow between the two states. Keyswords: China, CPEC, Culture, Exhibitions Pages: 01-11 Article: 1 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)01 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)01 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Political Persona on Twittersphere: Comparing the Stardom of Prime Minister(s) of Pakistan, UK and India Authors: Maryam Waqas Mudassar Hussain Shah Saima Kausar Abstract: Political setup demands to use Twittersphere for preserving its reputation because of significant twitter audience, which follows celebrities and political figures. In this perspective, political figures frequently use twitter to highlight their political as well as personal lives worldwide. However, political figures take the stardom status among the twitter audience that follow, retweet and comment by their fans. The purpose of this study is, to analyze what kind of language, level of interest is made by political figures while communicating via twitter, text, phrases and languages used by political figures, and do their tweets contribute in their reputation. The qualitative content analysis is used for evaluation of the interests shared by PM Imran Khan, PM Boris John Son and PM Narendra Modi with the key words of tweets. A well-established coding sheet is developed for the analysis of text, phrases and words in the frames of negative, positive and neutral from March 2020 to May 2020. The results are demonstrating on the basis of content shared by Prime Ministers of three countries i.e., From Pakistan, Imran Khan, United Kingdom, Johnson Boris and India, Narendra Modi on twitter. The findings also reveal that varied issues discussed in tweets, significantly positive and neutral words are selected by these political figures. PM Imran tweeted more negative tweets than PM Boris Johnson and PM Narendra Modi. However, PM Boris Johnson and PM Narendra Modi make significant positive and neutral tweets. It is observed that political figures are conscious about their personal reputation while tweeting. It also revealed that the issues and tweets shared by these leaders contribute to their personal reputation. Keyswords: Imran Khan, Johnson Boris, Narendra Modi, Political Persona, Stardom, Twittersphere Pages: 12-23 Article: 2 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)02 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)02 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License An Empirical Relationship between Government Size and Economic Growth of Pakistan in the Presence of Different Budget Uncertainty Measures Authors: Sunila Jabeen Dr. Wasim Shahid Malik Abstract: Relationship between government size and economic growth has always been a debated issue all over the world since the formative work of Barro (1990). However, this relationship becomes more questionable when policy uncertainty is added in it. Hence, this paper presents evidence on the effect of government size on economic growth in the presence of budget uncertainty measured through three different approaches. Rather than relying on the traditional and complicated measures of uncertainty, a new method of measuring uncertainty based on government budget revisions of total spending is introduced and compared with the other competing approaches. Using time series annual data from 1973-2018, the short run and long run coefficients from Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) framework validate the negative effect of budget uncertainty and government size on economic growth of Pakistan regardless of the uncertainty measure used. Therefore, to attain the long run economic growth, along with the control on the share of government spending in total GDP, government should keep the revisions in the budget as close to the initial announcements as it can so that uncertainty can be reduced. Further, the uncertainty in fiscal spending calculated through the deviation method raises a big question on the credibility of fiscal policy in Pakistan. Higher will be the deviation higher will be the uncertainty and lower the fiscal policy credibility hence making fiscal policy less effective in the long run. Keyswords: Budget Uncertainty, Economic Growth, Government Size, Policy Credibility Pages: 24-38 Article: 3 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)03 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)03 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Despair in The Alchemist by Ben Jonson Authors: Dr. Fatima Syeda Dr. Faiza Zaheer Numrah Mehmood Abstract: This research aims to challenge the assumption that The Alchemist by Ben Jonson is one of the greatest examples of the “explicit mirth and laughter” (Veneables 86). The paper argues that The Alchemist is a cynical and despairing play created in an atmosphere not suitable for a comedy. This is a qualitative study of the text and aims at an analysis of the theme, situations, characters, language, and the mood of the play to determine that Jonson is unable to retain the comic spirit in The Alchemist and in an attempt to “better men” (Prologue. 12) he becomes more satirical and less humorous or comic. This research is important for it contends that the play, termed as a comedy, may be read as a bitter satire on the cynical, stinky, and despairing world of the Elizabethan times. Keyswords: Comedy, Despair, Reformation Pages: 39-47 Article: 4 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)04 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)04 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Analysis of Principles of Coordinated Border Management (CBM) in articulation of War-Control Strategies: An Account of Implementation Range on Pakistan and Afghanistan Authors: Dr. Sehrish Qayyum Dr. Umbreen Javaid Abstract: Currently, Border Management is crucial issue not only for Pakistan but for the entire world due to increased technological developments and security circumstances. Pakistan and Afghanistan being immediate states have inter-connected future with socio-economic and security prospects. Principles of Coordinated Border Management (CBM) approach have been extracted on the basis of in-depth interviews with security agencies and policymakers to understand the real time needs. The current research employs mixed method approach. Process Tracing is employed in this research to comprehend the causal mechanism behind the contemporary issue of border management system. A detailed statistical analysis of prospect outcomes has been given to validate the implication of CBM. Implication range of CBM has been discussed with positive and probably negative impacts due to its wide range of significance. This research gives an analysis of feasibility support to exercise CBM in best interest of the state and secure future of the region. Keyswords: Afghanistan, Coordinated Border Management, Fencing, Pakistan, Security Pages: 48-62 Article: 5 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)05 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)05 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) vs. Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (the Quad): A Perspective of a Game Theory Authors: Muhammad Atif Prof. Dr. Muqarrab Akbar Abstract: Containment is the central part of the U.S.'s foreign policy during the cold war. With the application of containment Policy, the U.S. achieved much success in international politics. Over time China has become more powerful and sees great power in international politics. China wants to expand and launched the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). The primary purpose of The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is to achieve support from regional countries and save their interests from the U.S. In 2017, the American administration launched its Containment policy through Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (the Quad) to keep their interest from China. The Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad) is comprising of Australia, the United States, Japan, and India. This Study is based on Qualitative research with theoretical application of Game theory. This research investigates both plans of China (BRI) and the U.S. (the Quad) through a Game Theory. In this study, China and the U.S. both like to act as gamers in international politics. This study recommends that Game theory can predict all developments in the long term. Keyswords: Containment, Expansionism, Quadrilateral Security Dialogue, The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) Pages: 63-75 Article: 6 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)06 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)06 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Narendra Modi a Machiavellian Prince: An Appraisal Authors: Dr. Imran Khan Dr. Karim Haider Syed Muhammad Yousaf Abstract: The comparison of Narendra Modi and Machiavellian Prince is very important as policies of Modi are creating problems within India and beyond the borders. The Prince is the book of Niccolo Machiavelli a great philosopher of his time. If Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi qualifies as a Prince of Machiavelli is a very important question. This is answered in the light of his policies and strategies to become the undisputed political leader of India. Much of the Machiavellian Prince deals with the problem of how a layman can raise himself from abject and obscure origins to such a position that Narendra Modi has been holding in India since 2014. The basic theme of this article is revolving around the question that is following: Can Modi’s success be attributed to techniques of The Prince in important respects? This article analyzed Narendra Modi's policies and strategies to develop an analogy between Machiavellian Prince and Modi in terms of characteristics and political strategies. This research work examines, how Narendra Modi became the strongest person in India. Keyswords: Comparison, India, Machiavelli, Modus Operandi, Narendra Modi Pages: 76-84 Article: 7 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)07 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)07 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Analyzing Beckett's Waiting for Godot as a Political Comedy Authors: Muhammad Umer Azim Dr. Muhammad Saleem Nargis Saleem Abstract: This study was devised to analyze Samuel Beckett’s play Waiting for Godot in the light of Jean-Francois Lyotard’s theory of postmodernism given in his book The Postmodern Condition (1984). This Lyotardian paradigm extends a subversive challenge to all the grand narratives that have been enjoying the status of an enviable complete code of life in the world for a long time. Even a cursory scan over the play under analysis creates a strong feel that Beckett very smartly, comprehensively and successfully questioned the relevance of the totalizing metanarratives to the present times. Being an imaginative writer, he was well aware of the fact that ridicule is a much more useful weapon than satire in the context of political literature. There are so many foundationalist ideologies that he ridicules in his dramatic writing. Christianity as a religion is well exposed; the gravity of philosophy is devalued; the traditional luxury that the humans get from the art of poetry is ruptured and the great ideals of struggle are punctured. He achieves his artistic and ideologically evolved authorial intentions with a ringing success. It is interesting to note that he maintains a healthy balance between art and message. Keyswords: Beckett, Lyotard, The Postmodern Condition, Waiting for Godot Pages: 85-94 Article: 8 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)08 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)08 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Effect of Parenting Styles on Students’ Academic Achievement at Elementary Level Authors: Hafsa Noreen Mushtaq Ahmad Uzma Shahzadi Abstract: The study intended to find out the effect of parenting styles on students’ academic achievement. Current study was quantitative in nature. All elementary level enrolled students at government schools in the province of the Punjab made the population of the study. Multistage sampling was used to select the sample from four districts of one division (Sargodha) of the Punjab province i.e., Sargodha. A sample size i.e., n=960; students and their parents were participated in this study. Research scales i.e. Parenting Styles Dimension Questionnaire (PSDQ) was adapted to analyze and measure parents’ parenting styles and an achievement test was developed to measure the academic achievement of the elementary students. After pilot testing, reliability coefficient Cronbach Alpha values for PSDQ and achievement test were 0.67 and 0.71 Data was collected and analyzed using frequencies count, percentages, mean scores and one way ANOVA. Major findings of the study were; Majority of the parents had authoritative parental style, a handsome number of parents keep connection of warmth and support with their children, show intimacy, focus on discipline, do not grant autonomy to their children, do not indulge with their children and as well as a handsome number of students were confident during their studies and study, further, found that parental style had positive relationship with academic achievement. Recommendations were made on the basis of findings and conclusion such as arrangement of Parents Teachers Meetings (PTM‘s), parents’ training, provision of incentives and facilities to motivate families might be an inclusive component of elementary education program. Keyswords: Academic Achievement, Elementary Education, Parenting Styles Pages: 95-110 Article: 9 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)09 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)09 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Kashmir Conflict and the Question of Self-Determination Authors: Izzat Raazia Saqib Ur Rehman Abstract: The objective of this paper is to explore relations between Pakistan and India since their inception in the perspective of Kashmir conundrum and its impact on the regional security. Kashmir is the unfinished agenda of partition and a stumbling block in the bilateral relations between Pakistan and India. After the partition of sub-continent in 1947, Pakistan and India got their sovereign status. Kashmir conflict, a disputed status state, is the byproduct of partition. Pakistan and India are traditional arch-foes. Any clash between Pakistan and India can bring the two nuclear states toe-to-toe and accelerate into nuclear warfare. Due to the revulsion, hostility and lack of trust between the two, the peaceful resolution of the Kashmir issue has been long overdue. Ever-increasing border spats, arms race and threat of terrorism between the two have augmented anxiety in the subcontinent along with the halt of talks between India and Pakistan at several times. Additionally, it hampers the economic and trade ties between the two. India, time and again, backtracked on Kashmir issue despite UN efforts to resolve the issue. Recently, Indian government has responded heavy-handedly to the Kashmiri agitators’ demand for sovereignty and revocation of ‘Special Status’ of Kashmir impacting the stability of the region in future. Keyswords: India, Kashmir Conundrum, Pakistan, Regional Security, Sovereignty Pages: 111-119 Article: 10 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)10 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)10 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Exploring Image of China in the Diplomatic Discourse: A Critical Discourse Analysis Authors: Muhammad Afzaal Muhammad Ilyas Chishti Abstract: The present study hinges on the major objective of analyzing Pakistani and Indian diplomatic discourses employed in portrayal of image of China. Data comprises the official discourse which is used in diplomatic affairs of both the states. The extensive investigation seeks insights from the fundamentals of Critical Discourse Analysis propounded by van Dijk, Fairclough and Wodak with a special focus on Bhatia’s (2006) work. The study reveals that the image of China has always been accorded priority within Indian and Pakistani diplomatic discourse even though nature of bilateral relations among China, India and Pakistan is based on entirely different dynamics; Indian and Pakistani diplomatic discourses are reflective of sensitivities involved within the bilateral relations. Through employment of linguistic techniques of ‘positivity’, ‘evasion’ and ‘influence and power’, Indian diplomats have managed not to compromise over the fundamentals in bilateral relations with China despite Pakistan’s already strengthened and deep-rooted relations with China. While Pakistani diplomatic fronts have been equally successful in further deepening their already strengthened relations in the midst of surging controversies on CPEC, BRI and OBOR. Hence, diplomatic fronts of both the counties, through employment of ideologically loaded linguistic choices, leave no stone unturned in consolidation of the diplomatic relations with China. Keyswords: CDA, China Image, Corpus, Language of Diplomacy, Political Discourse Analysis Pages: 120-133 Article: 11 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)11 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)11 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Students’ Perception about Academic Advising Satisfaction at Higher Education Level Authors: Rukhsana Sardar Zarina Akhtar Shamsa Aziz Abstract: The purpose of the study was to examine the students’ perception about academic advising satisfaction at higher education level. All the students from two years master (M.A) degree programme and four years (BS) degree programme of eight departments from International Islamic University Islamabad (IIUI), Faculty of Social Sciences were taken as a population of the study. 475 students were randomly selected as a sample of the study. The Academic Advising Inventory (AAI) was used to assess Academic Advising Style. For measuring level of the satisfaction, descriptive statistics was used. To compare the mean difference department-wise and gender-wise about academic advising satisfaction t.test was applied. It was concluded that from the major findings of the study those students who received departmental academic advising style are more satisfied as compared to those students who provided prescriptive academic advising style. Female students seemed more satisfied as compared to male students regarding the academic advising style provided to them. Students who satisfied from developmental academic advising style and they were also highly satisfied from the advising provided to them at Personalizing Education (PE) and this is the subscale of developmental academic advising whereas students who received prescriptive academic advising they were also satisfied from the advising provided to them regarding personalizing education and academic decision making but their percentage is less. It is recommended to Universities Administration to focus on Developmental Academic Advising Style and establish centers at universities/department level and nominate staff who may be responsible to provide developmental academic advising. Keyswords: Academic Advising, Higher Level, Students’ Perception Pages: 134-144 Article: 12 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)12 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)12 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Perceptions of Sexual Harassment in Higher Education Institutions: A Gender Analysis Authors: Ruhina Ghassan Dr. Subha Malik Nayab Javed Abstract: Sexual harassment is a social issue which is present in every society, globally, which interferes in an individual’s social and professional life. It happens almost everywhere i.e. at workplaces, public places or institutes as well. The focus of the present study was to explore the differences of male and female students’ perception of sexual harassment. This study was a quantitative research. Sample of the study included of 400 students (200 males and 200 females) from two government and two private universities. In the present study, Sexual Harassment Perception Questionnaire (SHPQ) was used to find out these differences in perceptions as every person has his own view for different situations. The study revealed the significant differences in perception of students. Study showed that both genders perceived that female students get more harassed than male students. The factors that affect the perception frequently were gender and age. The findings recommended that regulations for sexual harassment should be implemented in universities; laws should be made for sexual harassment in higher education institutes. Students should be aware of sexual harassment through seminars, self-defense classes and awareness campaigns. And every institute should have a counseling center for the better mental health of students. Keyswords: Gender Differences, Higher Educational Institutions, Sexual Harassment Pages: 145-158 Article: 13 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)13 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)13 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Role of IMF Over the Governance Structure and Economic Development of Pakistan Authors: Ali Qamar Sheikh Dr. Muhammad Imran Pasha Muhammad Shakeel Ahmad Siddiqui Abstract: Developing countries like Pakistan seeks for financial assistance in order to fulfil their deficits. IMF is one of the largest financial institution who give loans to countries who need it. This research has studied the IMF role and the effects of IMF conditions on the economy of Pakistan. To carry out this research, both quantitative data from primary sources has been gathered and qualitative analysis has been made to signify whither this borrowing creating and maintaining dependency of Pakistan on West and financial and governance structure constructed to curtail Countries like Pakistan. The results concluded that there is negative and insignificant relationship between GDP and IMF loans in the long run. The short-term dynamic shows that weak economic and Political Institutions in Pakistan. The Development dilemma constitutes dependency even today. The Current Budget Deficit Pakistan's fiscal deficit climbs to Rs 3.403 trillion in 2020-21 needs to be readdressed in such a manner that Pakistan can counter Balance of Payments and import/export imbalance. Keyswords: Dependency, Development, IMF, Loans, Debt, Pakistan, Governance structure Pages: 159-172 Article: 14 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)14 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)14 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Climate Change and the Indus Basin: Prospects of Cooperation between India and Pakistan Authors: Sarah Saeed Prof. Dr. Rana Eijaz Ahmad Abstract: Climate change is transforming the global societies. The shift in average temperature is putting negative impacts on human health, food production and the natural resources. In the wake of the altered climate, water flow in the river systems is experiencing variability and uncertainty. This paper aims at studying the negative impacts of climate change on the water resources of the Indus Basin and investigate the prospects of cooperation between India and Pakistan; two major riparian nations sharing the basin. Adopting the case study approach, a theoretical framework has been built on the ‘Theory of the International Regimes’. It has been argued that institutional capacity and the dispute resolution mechanism provided in any water sharing agreement determine the extent of cooperation among the member states. Since India and Pakistan are bound by the provisions of the Indus Waters Treaty, this study tries to assess the effectiveness of this agreement in managing the negative consequences of the climate change. Keyswords: Climate Change, Cooperation, Dispute Resolution Mechanism, Institutional Capacity Pages: 173-185 Article: 15 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)15 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)15 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Translation, Cultural Adaptation and Validation of Behavioral-Emotional Reactivity Index for Adolescents Authors: Saima Saeed Farah Malik Suzanne Bartle Haring Abstract: Measuring differentiation of self in terms of behavioral/emotional reactivity towards parents is important because of the complex parent-child connection. This needs a valid and reliable measure to assess the differentiation of self particularly in a relationship with parents. BehaviorEmotional Reactivity Index is such a tool that fulfills this purpose. The present study was carried out to culturaly adapt and translate BERI into the Urdu language and establish the psychometric properties of Urdu version. A sample of 303 adolescents of age (M = 16.07, SD = 1.77) was taken from different schools and colleges. Scale was split into Mother and father forms for the convenience of respondents. Findings supported the original factor structure of the BERI-original version. Higher-order factor analysis showed good fit indices with excellent alpha ranges (α= .91 to α=.80). BERI scores were compared for the adolescents who were securely attached with parents and insecurely attached with parents which showed a significant difference between the groups. BERI-Urdu version was found to be a valid and reliable measure in the Pakistani cultural context which gives researchers new directions to work with adolescents. Keyswords: Adolescence, Differentiation of Self, Behavioral, Emotional Reactivit, Index, Parental Attachment Pages: 186-200 Article: 16 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)16 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)16 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Notion of Repression in Modern Society: A Comparative Analysis of Sigmund Freud and Herbert Marcuse Authors: Khadija Naz Abstract: One of the fundamental issues for modern civilized man is how to adapt a modern society without losing his individual status. Is it possible for an individual to adjust in a society where he/she loses his/her individuality and becomes part of collectivity? One point of view is that for society to flourish, man needs to be repressed. But to what extent is repression necessary for societies to rise and survive? This paper shall examine the above given questions from the standpoint of two thinkers who greatly influenced twentieth-century thought: Sigmund Freud and Herbert Marcuse. To undertake this task, first the term Repression shall be examined and then the notions of Freud and Marcuse will be discussed to determine the degree of repression required for the development of modern society. Keyswords: Modern Society, Performance Principle, Repression, Surplus-Repression, The Pleasure Principle, The Reality Principle Pages: 201-214 Article: 17 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)17 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)17 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Perceptions of Teacher Educators about Integration of (ESD) in Elementary Teachers Education Program Authors: Dr. Rukhsana Durrani Dr. Fazal ur Rahman Dr. Shaista Anjum Abstract: Education and sustainable development have a close relationship as education provides sustainability to society. This study explored the perceptions of teacher educators for integration of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) in B.Ed. 4 years’ elementary program. Four major components of ESD i.e., Education, Social & Culture, Economic and Environment were included in study. 127 teacher educators from departments of education were randomly selected from public universities of Pakistan who were offering B.Ed. 4 years’ elementary program. Data was collected through questionnaires from teacher educators. The findings recommended the inclusion of the components of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) in curriculum of B.Ed. 4 years’ elementary program. Keyswords: B.Ed. 4 Years Elementary Curriculum, Sustainable Development, Integration, Teacher Education Pages: 215-225 Article: 18 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)18 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)18 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Exploring TPACK skills of prospective teachers and challenges faced in digital technology integration in Pakistan Authors: Tariq Saleem Ghayyur Dr. Nargis Abbas Mirza Abstract: The current study was aimed to explore TPACK skills of prospective teachers and challenges faced in digital technology integration in Pakistan. The study was qualitative in nature and semi structured interview schedule was developed to collect data from prospective teachers. Purposive sampling technique was employed to collect data from 20 prospective teachers of 7 public sector universities. It was concluded that majority of the prospective teachers used general technological and pedagogical practices (GTPP), technological knowledge practices (TKP), Technological Pedagogical Knowledge practices (TPKP), Technological Content Knowledge practices (TCKP). Majority of prospective teachers reported multiple challenges in integration of digital technology in teacher education programs including lack of teacher training as one of the largest hurdle in digital technology integration, lack of digital technology resources or outdated digital technology resources, inadequate computer lab, lack of learning apps (courseware), financial constraints, lack of teachers’ motivation to use digital technology, slow computers available at computer labs, and unavailability of technical support. It was recommended that digital technology infrastructure should be improved across all teacher education institution and it was further recommended that TPACK model of digital technology integration should serve digital technology integration in teacher education programs in Pakistan. Keyswords: Challenges, Digital Technology Integration, Digital Technology Resources, Digital Technology, TPACK Pages: 226-241 Article: 19 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)19 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)19 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Revisiting the Linkage between Money Supply and Income: A Simultaneous Equation Model for Pakistan Authors: Zenab Faizullah Dr. Shahid Ali Muhammad Imad Khan Abstract: A reliable estimate of the money supply is an important sign of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and many other macroeconomic indicators. It is widely discussed that over a long period of time, there is a strong link between GDP and money supply. This link is significantly important for formation of monetary policy. The main aim of this study is to estimate the income-money supply model for Pakistan. This study estimates the income-money supply model for Pakistan over the period of 2009 to 2019. The study uses Two Stage Least Square (2SLS) econometric technique due to the presence of endogeneity problem in the model under consideration. The existence of simultaneity between money supply (M2) and income (GDP) is also clear from the results of Hausman Specification test for simultaneity between M2 and GDP. The results further show that there exists a strong money-income relationship in case of Pakistan. Keyswords: Money Supply, Income, Simultaneous Equations Pages: 242-247 Article: 20 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)20 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)20 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Analyzing the Mechanism of Language Learning Process by the Use of Language Learning Strategies Authors: Shafiq Ahmad Farooqi Dr. Muhammad Shakir Sher Muhammad Awan Abstract: This analytical research study involves the use of learning strategies to know the mechanism of learning a second language. People acquire their native language (L1) without any conscious effort and they have a complete knowledge of L1 and are competent in their native language even without going to school. It is believed that language learning is a process as well as an outcome and the focus of current study is to understand the process of learning a second language. The population in this study comprised of 182 boys and Girls Govt. Higher Secondary Schools studying at intermediate level in the 11 Districts of the Southern Punjab. The sample was selected through random probability sampling and consisted of 40 subject specialists teaching the subject of English in Govt. higher secondary schools with 400 students studying English at Intermediate level. A questionnaire comprising some common and easily accessible learning strategies was designed to determine the frequency of these strategies used in the classrooms by the language learners through the specialists of the subject. The data was collected from the selected sample through the subject specialists teaching in these schools. The data was collected quantitatively and was analyzed in the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20. The most common 27 language learning strategies (LLS) were applied to analyze the process of language learning. In the light of the results of the study, it was concluded that application of the learning strategies according to the nature of the text is helpful in understanding the language functions and its application. Keyswords: Language Acquisition, Learning Strategies, Mechanism of Language Learning Pages: 249-258 Article: 21 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)21 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)21 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Secondary School Science Teachers’ Practices for the Development of Critical Thinking Skills: An Observational Study Authors: Dr. Muhammad Jamil Dr. Yaar Muhammad Dr. Naima Qureshi Abstract: In the National curriculum policy documents, to produce rationale and independent critical thinkers, different pedagogical practices have been recommended like cooperative learning, questioning, discussion, etc. This qualitative case study aimed at analyzing secondary school science teachers’ practices for the development of critical thinking skills in secondary school students. There were twelve classrooms (four from each subject of Physics, Chemistry and Biology) selected as cases. Video recording was used for the observations for six lessons in each classroom. In this way, a total of 72 observations were conducted lasting for approximately 35 minutes. Qualitative content analysis was used for data analysis through Nvivo 12. The findings of the observations revealed that all the teachers used the lecture method. They used this to cover the content at a given specific time. There was not much focus on the development of critical thinking. In a few of the classrooms, the students were engaged and active during learning different specific topics. Whiteboard was used as a visual aid by most of the teachers. Furthermore, to some extent, discussion, questioning, and daily life examples were used in different classrooms. It is recommended that teachers’ professional development should be conducted to focus on the development of critical thinking skills through pedagogical practices which have been recommended by the national education policy documents. Keyswords: Analysis, Critical Thinking, Curriculum Policy, Pedagogy, Secondary Level Pages: 259-265 Article: 22 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)22 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)22 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Historical Development of Clinical Psychology in Pakistan: A Critical Review-based Study Authors: Muhammad Nawaz Shahzad Dr. Mushtaq Ahmad Dr. Muhammad Waseem Tufail Abstract: Clinical Psychology is clinical and curing psychological practices in Pakistan. The present research study endeavors to examine the contemporary status of Clinical Psychology in the country and descriptively analyzes the significant contribution of various psychologists in its development. The study also elaborates the emergence of Clinical Psychology and its treatment aspects in the country. The experimental approach of the treatment psychology has also been defined. The role of different scholars to set and promote the Clinical Psychology as discipline and dealing about treatment of Human mind has also been discussed here. The study also presented the scenario of the issues of legislative acknowledgment, qualifications mandatory for practice, communal awareness of cerebral treatment, the tradition of ethnic and native practices about the clinical psychological treatments has also been discussed. Keyswords: Approaches, Clinical Psychology, Psychologist, Therapist Pages: 266-272 Article: 23 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)23 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)23 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Impact of Devolution of Power on School Education Performance in Sindh after 18th Constitutional Amendment Authors: Abdul Hafeez Dr. Saima Iqbal Muhammad Imran Abstract: Devolution of the authority from central units of empowering authorities to the local level to develop and exercise policies at local or organizational level is under debate in various countries of the world. The legation in with the name of 18th constitutional amendment in constitution of 1973 of Pakistan ensures more autonomy to federal units. The difference between province and federation mostly creates misunderstanding in the belief of cooperation and universalism of education standards, expenditures and service delivery. Very currently the ministry of education and local government encoring principles and headmasters to adopt self-management skills to be updated to accept the spin of power from higher authorities to lower authorities’ pedagogical and local schools. In this qualitative research semi structured questioner were incorporated as data collection tool equally, the data was analyzed by usage of NVivo software. In this regard Government of Sindh has introduced various reforms and new trends like objectives and policy pillars, better government schools, improved learning outcomes and increased and improved funding in the education sector Sindh government has so far been unable to effectively use its resources to implement effective governance system which provides quality and sustained education in the province. To achieve this basic universal education, equally fourth objective of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) the educational leaders must develop a comparative education setup that help to educate planers to plan and design standards for school leaders, instruction, appropriate professional development of teachers, ways to support school leaders to change in mission. Parallel, develop new program for early childhood, school and class size and ensure school enrollment. Keyswords: 18th Constitutional Amendment, Devolution of Power, Sindh Education Performance Pages: 273-285 Article: 24 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)24 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)24 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Legal Aspects of Evidence Collected by Modern Devices: A Case Study Authors: Muhammad Hassan Zia Alvina Ali Abstract: This paper is a qualitative research of different case laws dealing with modern technological evidence. Courts were required to adopt new methods, techniques and devices obtained through advancement of science without affecting the original intention of law. Because of modern technology, a benefit could be taken from said technology to preserve evidences and to assist proceedings of the Court in the dispensation of justice in modern times. Owing to the scientific and technological advancements the admissibility of audio and visual proofs has grown doubtful. No doubt modern evidence assist the court in reaching out to the just decision but at the same time certain criteria need to be laid down which must be satisfied to consider such evidence admissible. Different Case laws are discussed here to show how the cases were resolved on the basis of technological evidence and when and why such evidence have been rejected by the court, if it did. Moreover, legal practices developed in various countries allow our Courts to record evidence through video conferencing. The Honorable Supreme Court of Pakistan directed that in appropriate cases statement of juvenile rape victims and other cases of sensitive nature must be recorded through video conferencing to avoid inconvenience for them to come to the Court. Nevertheless, it has some problems. The most important among them is the identification of the witness and an assurance that he is not being prompted when his statement is recorded. In this paper protocols that are necessary to follow while examining witness through video link are discussed Keyswords: DNA Profiling, Finger Prints, , Telephone Calls, Video Tape Pages: 286-297 Article: 25 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)25 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)25 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License The Political Economy of Terrorisms: Economic Cost of War on Terror for Pakistan Authors: Muhammad Shakeel Ahmad Siddiqui Dr. Muhammad Imran Pasha Saira Akram Abstract: Terrorism and its effect on contemporary society is one of the core and vital subjects of International Political Economy (IPE) during the last years. Despite the fact that this is not a new phenomenon, special attention has been given to this issue, specifically after the terrorist attacks of 9/11, 2001. The objective of this paper analyzes to what dimensions terrorism affects the global economy mainly the two predominant actors of the conflict i.e. Pakistan and the United States. For this purpose, this article will take a look at the financial cost of War for Pakistan and how Pakistan’s decision to become frontline State has affected its Economy, its effect on agriculture, manufacturing, tourism, FDI, increased defense costs The normative and qualitative methodology shows a significant disadvantage between terrorist activities and economic growth, social progress, and political development. The results shows that Pakistan has bear slow economic growth while facing terrorist activities more than US. In this last section, the paper suggests ways and means to satisfy people around the world not to go in the hands of fundamentals and terrorists. Keyswords: Cost of War, Economic Growth, Frontline States, Pak Us Relations, Terrorism Pages: 297-309 Article: 26 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)26 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)26 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License A Comparative Study of Grade 10 English Textbooks of Sindh Textbook Board and Cambridge “O Level” in the perspective of Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy Authors: Mahnoor Shaikh Dr. Shumaila Memon Abstract: The present study evaluated the cognitive levels of reading comprehension questions present in grade 10 English Textbooks namely English Textbook for grade 10 by Sindh Textbook Board and compared it to Oxford Progressive English book 10 used in Cambridge “O Level” in the perspective of Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy. Qualitative content analysis was used as a methodology to carry out the study. To collect the data, a checklist based on Revised Bloom’s taxonomy was used as an instrument. A total of 260 reading comprehension questions from both the textbooks were evaluated. The findings of the study revealed that reading comprehension questions in English textbook for grade 10 were solely based on remembering level (100%) whereas the questions in Oxford Progressive English 10 were mainly based on understanding level (75.5%) with a small percentage of remembering (12.5%), analyzing (11.1%) and evaluating level (0.74%). This suggests that the reading comprehension questions in both the textbooks are dominantly based on lower-order thinking skills. Keyswords: Bloom’s Taxonomy, Content Analysis, Reading Comprehension, Textbook Evaluation Pages: 310-320 Article: 27 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)27 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)27 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Assessing the Preparedness of Government Hospitals: A Case of Quetta City, Balochiatan Authors: Sahar Arshad Syed Ainuddin Jamal ud din Abstract: Earthquake with high magnitude is often resulting in massive destruction with more causalities and high mortality rate. Timely providence of critical healthcare facilities to affected people during an emergency response is the core principle of disaster resilient communities. The main objective of this paper is assessing the hospital preparedness of government hospitals in Quetta. Primary data was collected through questionnaire survey. Total of 165 sample size chosen via simple random sampling. Relative important index (RII) is used to analyze the overall situation of hospitals preparedness in term of earthquake disaster. Findings of the study showed that the preparedness level of government hospitals in Quetta is weak to moderate level. Based on the findings this study recommends the necessary measures to minimize the risk of earthquake disaster including training and exercise programs for the staff of hospital, proper resource management to efficiently use the existing machinery and equipment in the meeting of disaster to enhance employee’s performance and preparedness of government hospitals in Quetta to deal with earthquake disaster. Keyswords: Earthquake, Preparedness, Relative Important Index Pages: 321-329 Article: 28 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)28 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)28 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Development of Reasoning Skills among Prospective Teachers through Cognitive Acceleration Approach Authors: Memoona Bibi Dr. Shamsa Aziz Abstract: The main objectives of this study were to; investigate the effects of the Cognitive Acceleration approach on the reasoning skills of the prospective teachers at the university level and compare the effects of the Cognitive Acceleration approach and traditional approach concerning reasoning skills of prospective teachers’ at the university level. The study was experimental and followed a pre-test post-test control group experimental design. The sample of the study included the experimental group and control group from the BS Education program in the Department of Education at International Islamic University Islamabad. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the sample after pre-test and pairing of prospective teachers. CTSR (classroom test for scientific reasoning) developed by A.E. Lawson (2000) was used to collect the data through pre-tests and post-tests. The experimental group’s perception about different activities of the experiment was taken through a self-made rating scale. Collected data were analyzed by calculating mean scores and t-test for hypothesis testing by using SPSS. The main findings of the study revealed that the Cognitive Acceleration teaching approach has a significant positive effect on the reasoning skills development of prospective teachers at the university level. Findings also showed that participants found this teaching approach effective and learned many new concepts and skills with the help of thinking activities. Based on findings it has been concluded that the Cognitive Acceleration teaching approach might be encouraged for training prospective teachers at the university level and training sessions about the use of the Cognitive Acceleration approach must be arranged by teacher education programs and institutions. Keyswords: Cognitive Acceleration Approach, Prospective Teachers, Reasoning Skills, Traditional Approach Pages: 330-342 Article: 29 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)29 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)29 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Spatial Injustice in Shamsie’s Kartography Authors: Syeda Hibba Zainab Zaidi Dr. Ali Usman Saleem Sadia Waheed Abstract: Social space under postmodernism and wave of globalization have suffered in and its idealistic representations are lost and deteriorated which ultimately led to discursiveness in the lives of postmodern man, especially Karachiites. The boundaries of geographies play a significant role in shaping fates, biographies, social superstructures and shared collective histories of its residents. Considering this, Henri Lefebvre and Edward William Soja, argue that space is something which determines the living circumstances within the particular social framework and instigates and controls various societal happenings. City space of Karachi suffers from appalling distortions as a part of postmodern, globalized and capitalist world. By employing Lefebvre’s idea of spatial triad and Soja’s views of the trialectrics of spaciality, this paper foregrounds how social space enforces spatial injustice and serves for the inculcation of spatial cleansing in the lives of inhabitants of urban space. Using Shamsie’s Kartography as an interpretive tool for contemporary urban environment, this paper inquires the engrafting of spatial cleansing in the lives of Karachiites resulting in multiple standardization and segregation on the basis of living standards among different social strata. This research substantiates how in Kartography, Materialism nibbles the roots of social values and norms while sequentially administering Spatial Injustice in the lives of Karachiites. This paper proclaims the scarcity of execution of Spatial Justice in the lives of common people in this postmodern globalized capitalist era. This paper urges the possibility of a utopian urban space with enforced spatial justice where people can be saved from dilemmas of injustice and segregation, especially Karachiites. Keyswords: Capitalistic Hegemony, City Space, Globalization, Spatial Cleansing, Spatial Injustice Pages: 343-352 Article: 30 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)30 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)30 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License A Quasi-Experimental Study on the Performance and Attitudes of Pakistani Undergraduate Students towards Hello English Language Learning Application Authors: Wafa Pirzada Dr. Shumaila Memon Dr. Habibullah Pathan Abstract: With the advancement of technology, more and more avenues of bringing creativity and innovation in language learning have opened up. These exciting advances have given rise to a new field of study within linguistics, termed Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL). This paper aims to fill the gap of MALL research in the area of grammar teaching in the Pakistan. Two BS Part 1 classes from University of Sindh, Jamshoro, were chosen for this quasi-experimental study. In total, 62 out of 101 students volunteered to use the Hello English application for 2 months, making up the experiment group, and the remaining 39 students were put in a control group. Paired Samples T-Test was run on pretest and posttest results which revealed no significant difference in both groups’ performances, proving that Hello English application could not significantly improve students’ grammar performance. However, in spite of the lack of a significant difference between the test results, the data gathered through the attitudinal survey showed that students still found mobile application very easy to use and effective in language learning. Keyswords: Attitudes, Grammar Learning, Hello English, Mobile Language Learning, Technology In Language Learning Pages: 353-367 Article: 31 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)31 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)31 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Impact of Determinants on the Profile Elevation of Secondary School Teachers in Pakistan Authors: Zahida Aziz Sial Dr. Farah Latif Naz Humaira Saadia Abstract: The foremost purpose of this research paper was to interrogate the effects of determinants on the educational and social profile of secondary school teachers in Pakistan. The key question taken was related to determinants that affect teachers’ profile. The Population of the study was secondary school teachers of Punjab province. A questionnaire was used as research instrument. The researcher personally visited the schools to administer the questionnaire. E-Views software was used for data analysis. Moreover, OLS regression model and LOGIT regression model were carried out. It was found that the variable years of teaching experience (EXPYR) (*** 0.03) can have a vital concrete effect upon the societal figuration of teachers as the experience of teachers grows, so does their social interactions with officials, colleagues, students and friends increases. The said variable is significant at 10 percent level. The variable, Residence (RESIDE) (** 0.53) have a significant impact upon civic links. This obviously associated with less community connection of country side teachers than the teachers residing in urban areas. Keyswords: Determinants, Elevation, Educational Profile, Social Profile, Secondary School Teacher Pages: 368-372 Article: 32 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)32 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)32 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Impact of War on Terror on the Tourism Industry in Swat, Pakistan Authors: Sabir Ihsan Prof. Dr. Anwar Alam Aman Ullah Abstract: The present study was designed to ascertain the status of tourism before insurgency, during insurgency and after insurgency in District Swat-KP Pakistan. The study is quantitative and descriptive in nature. A diverse sample size of 370 out of 9014 was selected through convenient sampling strategy. Notwithstanding, the objectives of the study was achieved through structured questionnaire. Data was analysed through chi-square at Bi Variate level. Findings of the study revealed that earning livelihood in swat was significantly associated (P=0.016), (P=0.003) with tourism industry prior 2009 and present time respective, but the same statement was observed non-significant (P=0.075) at the time of insurgency. Arranging different festivals in the study area and establishment of different showrooms for local handcrafts, artificial jewellery and woollen shawl are some of the recommendations of the study. Keyswords: Business, Insurgency, Swat, Tourism Pages: 373-385 Article: 33 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)33 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)33 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Challenges and Prospects of Pak-China Economic Corridor Authors: Muhammad Mudabbir Malik Prof. Dr. Muqarrab Akbar Abstract: Pak-China has historic relationships from the emergence of both states, and were proved long-lasting in every thick and thin times. In initial times they supported each other in foreign policies and regional issues. Pakistan and China have border disputes with India, which forced them to come close to counter India, letter on the economic interests strengthened these relations. In order to maximize the economic benefits, China announced economic corridor with the name China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CEPC). It was thought it will boost the economic growth of China, and as a prime partner Pakistan will also get economic benefits. In order to completely understand how Pakistan and China came on the same page and decided to put CPEC into reality we have to understand the Geo-political Importance of Pakistan, Strategic and economic importance of CPEC for China and Pakistan, Influence and concerns of West and neighboring countries including India. Domestic limitations and all the possible benefits and risks involved in this project for both Pakistan and China, this research acknowledges all these questions. Keyswords: Challenges, China, CPEC, Domestic Limitations Economic Growth, Pakistan, Western and Regional Concerns Pages: 386-404 Article: 34 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)34 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)34 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License An Analysis of Learning Practices and Habits of Children at Early Childhood Education: Students’ Perspective Authors: Masood Ahmad Sabiha Iqbal Shaista Noreen Abstract: The study was designed to analysis learning practices and habits of children at early childhood education. The major objective of the study was to find out the learning practices and habits of children. Problem was related to current situation, so survey method was exercised, 220 students were selected with the help of convenient sampling technique. Self-constructed questionnaire were exercised. The collected data was analyzed and calculate frequency, percentage, mean score, standard deviation and t-test of independent variable. The major findings of the study were; students learn from the pictures, cartoons and funny face; student’s eyes get tired of reading. When student read context continuously then they feel that their eyes get tired. There was a significance difference between male and female student about learning practices and habits of children. Keyswords: Early Childhood Education, Learning Practices and Habits, Pre-School Students Pages: 405-416 Article: 35 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)35 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)35 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Gender Identity Construction in Akhtar’s Melody of a Tear Authors: Dr. Amna Saeed Hina Quddus Abstract: This study aims to discuss the notion of gender in terms of performativity and social construction. It also draws upon the idea of gender identity construction and how it relates to the society, performativity and biology. As its theoretical framework, the study relies upon the Performative Theory of Gender and Sex (1990) presented by Judith Butler and studies the gender identity construction in the female protagonist of Akhtar’s Melody of a Tear. Zara is a girl who is raised as a boy from his father and there is a kind of dilemma in Zara’s personality related to being masculine and feminine. The cultural norms of a particular gender are also a cause of this dilemma. Throughout the novel, she is in a conflicting state whether she should behave feminine or masculine. She is being depicted as an incomplete person until she finds and resolves this issue of gender identity. The paper discusses the gender performativity, social construction, cultural norms and identity as these are all contributing to the confusion and construction of the protagonist’s identity. Character analysis is used as the methodology of analysis. Keyswords: Cultural Norms, Femininity And Identity Confusion, Gender, Performativity, Masculinity, Social Construction Pages: 417-427 Article: 36 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)36 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)36 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License The Level of Impulsivity and Aggression among Crystal Meth and Cannabis Users Authors: Dr. Umbreen Khizar Muhammad Shafique Sana Nawab Abstract: Cannabis and crystal meth use is pervading in our society. Present study was conducted to explore the relationship between level of impulsivity and aggression among crystal meth and cannabis users. The sample of the present study was comprised of 100 participants. There were 50 cannabis and 50 crystal meth users who were diagnosed on the basis of DSM-V without any comorbidity. The sample were taken from all age range of population. The minimum education level was primary and maximum education level was graduation and above. The sample was selected from different drug rehabilitation centers of Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan. Demographic Performa was used to collect the initial important information, The “Barratt Impulsiveness Scale was used to measure the impulsivity and “Aggression Questionnaire” were used to measure the level of aggression. Finding of the study showed that there are significant differences among crystal meth and cannabis users on level of aggression. The calculated mean value for crystal meth user and for cannabis users indicates that crystal meth users have higher level of aggression as compared to the cannabis user. Over all analysis indicates a significant positive correlation of impulsivity with the variable aggression. The alpha coefficient value for all scale is acceptable. Keyswords: Aggression, Cannabis Users, Crystal Meth, Impulsivity Pages: 428-439 Article: 37 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)37 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)37 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Impact of Social Factors on the Status of Tribal Women: A Case Study of the (Erstwhile) Mohmand Agency Authors: Sadia Jabeen Prof. Dr. Anwar Alam Muhammad Jawad Abstract: This study investigates the impact of socio-economic and cultural factors on the status of tribal women in the erstwhile Mohmand agency of the Ex-Federally Administered Tribal Area (FATA), Pakistan. Cultural practices and illiteracy impede the role of women in socio-economic development. The respondents were randomly selected from tehsil Ekka Ghund and Pindialai with a sample size of 370, through stratified random sampling. Data collected through structured interview schedule, FGD and observation technique. The study reveals that tribal practices early marriages, joint family system, tradition of forced marriages, compensation/Swara, exchange, purchase marriages, hampers women’s socioeconomic status. The illiteracy rate is high among the tribal women and it further undermines their role and negatively affects their socio-economic status. However, improvement in women status needs peace and stability, reforms in the constitution for women empowerment and active participation, improvement in the quality and quantity of education, women employability, skills development and women entrepreneurship Keyswords: Empowerment and Education, Marriage Types, Tribal Women Role, Tribal Women Status, Violence against Women Pages: 440-455 Article: 38 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)38 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)38 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Effects of Heavy School Bags on Students’ Health at Primary Level in District Haveli (Kahutta) Azad Jammu and Kashmir Authors: Dr. Muhammad Mushtaq Shamsa Rathore Mishbah Saba Abstract: Heavy school bags is a very serious issue for the health of the primary level students throughout the world particularly in Azad Jammu and Kashmir. This study intends to explore the effect of heavy school bags on students’ health at primary level in district Kahuta. Naturally the study was descriptive and survey method was used, the population consists of one hundred ninety teachers and a sample of one hundred twenty seven teachers was selected using non probability sampling technique. A likert scale questionnaire was developed validated and distributed among the sampled respondents. The researcher personally visited the schools and collected the filled questionnaire. The data was coded and fed to the SPSS to analyze and interpret. The Chi Square test was applied to see the effect of heavy school bags on student’s health and academic achievement. The study found that heavy bags have negative effect on their health as well as their academic achievement. Students were found complaining their sickness, body and back pain. They were also found improper in their gait and their body postures. The researcher recommended the policy makers to take and develop strategies to decrease the heavy school bags. The school administration needs to make alternate days’ time tables of the subjects. Keyswords: Health, Primary Level, School, Bags, Students Heavy Pages: 456-466 Article: 39 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)39 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)39 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Exploring the ‘Civil Repair’ Function of Media: A Case Study of The Christchurch Mosques Shootings Authors: Ayaz Khan Dr. Muhammad Junaid Ghauri Riffat Alam Abstract: This research endeavor is an attempt to explore and analyze the discourse produced by The New Zealand Herald; a newspaper from New Zealand and by The News International; a Pakistani newspaper. The researchers intend to determine whether and to what extent both the newspapers have the role of ‘civil repair’ played after the Christchurch mosques shootings. The researchers have incorporated the ‘lexicalization’ and the ‘ideological square’ techniques proposed by Tuen A. van Dijk within the scope of Critical Discourse Analysis. The findings of this study show that both the selected newspapers assuming the social status of ‘vital center’ performed the role of ‘civil repair’ in the aftermath of the shootings by producing the ‘solidarity discourse’. The ‘solidarity discourse’ has been produced in terms of the ‘we-ness’, harmony, understanding, and by mitigating the conflicting opinions. Keyswords: Christchurch Mosque Shootings, Civil Repair, Civil Sphere Theory, Lexicalization, Solidarity Discourse Pages: 467-484 Article: 40 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)40 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)40 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License China Pakistan Economic Corridor: Regional Dominance into Peace and Economic Development Authors: Tayba Anwar Asia Saif Alvi Abstract: The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate the true motivations behind CPEC idea and the advantages it delivers to Pakistan and China. It also recognizes the Corridor's potential for mixing regional economies while dissolving geographical borders. The study is deductive in character, since it examines financial, political, and military elements of Pakistan and China's positions and situations. Enhancing geographical linkages through improved road, train, and air transport systems with regular and free exchanges of development and individual’s interaction, boosting through educational, social, and regional civilization and wisdom, activity of larger quantity of investment and commerce flow, generating and moving energy to provide more optimal businesses for the region. Keyswords: Geographical Linkages, Globalized World, Landlocked, Regional Connectivity, Regionalization Pages: 485-497 Article: 41 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)41 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)41 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License China’s New Great Game in Central Asia: Its Interest and Development Authors: Bushra Fatima Rana Eijaz Ahmad Abstract: Central Asia is rich in hydrocarbon resources. It’s geostrategic, geopolitical, and geo-economic significance has grasped the attention of multiple actors such as China, the USA, Russia, Turkey, the European Union, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and India. Due to its location, the Central Asian region appeared as a strategic hub. In the present scenario, China’s strategy is massive economic development, energy interest, peace, and stability. This article highlights China’s interest, political and economic development, and its role as a major player in the New Great Game in Central Asia. Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) which presents as a platform where China is playing an active role in political, economic, and security concerns for achieving its objectives in Central Asia. The new step of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) sheds light on China’s progressive move in this region via land and sea routes, which creates opportunities for globalization. Keyswords: Belt and Road Initiative, Central Asia, China, New Great Game Pages: 498-509 Article: 42 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)42 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)42 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Personality Traits as Predictors of Self-Esteem and Death Anxiety among Drug Addicts Authors: Umbreen Khizar Saira Irfan Iram Ramzan Abstract: This study seeks to investigate whether personality traits predict self-esteem and death anxiety among drug addicts. The sample consisted of 100 drug addicts taken from the two hospitals in Multan city. Only men between the ages of 20 and 65 were included in the study. Data was collected through reliable and valid questionnaires. Results revealed positive relationship between conscientiousness, openness to experience and self-esteem. Moreover, findings showed positive relationship between extraversion and death anxiety, and negative correlation between neuroticism and death anxiety. Findings also showed that self-esteem and death anxiety are significantly and negatively correlated. Additionally, findings revealed that conscientiousness positively predicted self-esteem and neuroticism negatively predicted death anxiety. Furthermore, significant differences were observed in self-esteem, and death anxiety based on age. Significant differences were also found in extraversion, agreeableness, openness to experience, and death anxiety based on location. Understanding how personality traits affect behavior can help drug addicts get the support they need to live a better life and reduce their risk of death anxiety and premature death. Keyswords: Death Anxiety, Drug Users, Personality Traits, Self- Esteem Pages: 510-524 Article: 43 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)43 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)43 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Middle East: A Regional Instability Prototype Provoking Third Party Interventions Authors: Waseem Din Prof. Dr. Iram Khalid Abstract: Third party interventions always prolong the interstate or civil wars with unending sufferings and devastations. The entire Middle East region is fraught with tensions, conflicts, civil wars and rivalries. From strategic interests to power grabbing, sectarian divisions, flaws in the civil and social structure of the state and society, ethnic insurrections, and many other shapes of instability syndromes can be diagnosed in this region. In the post-Arab Spring, 2011, the emerging new regional hierarchical order for power/dominance, in addition to the weakening/declining dominant US power in the region, changed the entire shape of already conflict-ridden region. New weak or collapsing states and bifurcation of the ‘status quo’ and ‘counter-hegemonic’ states along with their respective allies, made this region a prototype of instability in the regional security complex of the Middle East, as a direct result of these developments. The perpetuation of these abnormalities would not recede this instability conundrum from the region, provoking third party intervention, if not contained. Keyswords: Conflicts/Civil Wars, Dominant Power, Instability, Intervention, Middle East, Middle Powers, Regional Hierarchy, Regional Powers, Security Complex, Weak State Pages: 525-542 Article: 44 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)44 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)44 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Impact of Classroom Environment on Second Language Learning Anxiety Authors: Zohaib Zahid Abstract: Second language learning anxiety has attained the attention of the researchers in almost every part of the world. Pakistan is a country where English is taught as a second language from the very beginning of school education. Second Language learning anxiety is a phenomenon which has been prominently found among the learners because of their less proficiency in learning English language. This study has been conducted to investigate the effect of anxiety in learning and using English language in classroom, university and outside the classroom. There are variables that affect language learning performance of the learners but this paper has solely investigated the effect of anxiety. The paper has concluded that anxiety is a variable which has a striking affect in second language learning and its use inside classrooms. Keyswords: Effect of Anxiety, Proficiency, Second Language Learning Anxiety, Striking Affect Pages: 485-497 Article: 45 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)45 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)45 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Struggling for Democracy: A Case of Democratization in Pakistan Authors: Ammara Tariq Cheema Dr. Rehana Saeed Hashmi Abstract: The objective of this research paper is to review the challenges for democratization in Pakistan. The problem of democratization and consolidation refers to the structure of democracy following the collapse of non-democratic regime. Ten factors as given by Michael J. Sodaro are considered effective in helping a democratically unstable state to stabilize its system in other words helps in the democratic consolidation. It is argued in this research that the ten factors of democratization as given by Michael J. Sodaro have been absent in the political system of Pakistan and working on these factors can lead Pakistan to the road of democratization. This study uses qualitative method of research and proposes a novel framework for the deed of parliament, because the effectiveness of parliament can contribute positively to democratization/consolidated democracy. Keyswords: Electoral Politics, General Elections, Political Participation, Women Empowerment Pages: 554-562 Article: 46 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)46 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)46 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Impact of Dependency Ratio on Economic Growth among Most Populated Asian Countries Authors: Dilshad Ahmad Salyha Zulfiqar Ali Shah Abstract: Demographic transition through different channels significantly influences economic growth. Malthusian view postulated as dependency ratio adversely affects economic growth while Julian Simon's view is quite different, highlighted the long-run benefits of the population in the range of 5 to15 years on economic growth. This study can be a valuable addition in research to analyzing the association of dependency ratio and economic growth of the five most populated Asian countries (Bangladesh, China, Indonesia, India, and Pakistan). Empirical findings of the study indicated that a total dependency and younger dependency ratio has a positive and significant influence on economic growth in both short-run and long-run scenarios while the old dependency ratio shows a negative influence on economic growth in the long run while short-run results are unpredictable. There is a need for state-based proper policy measures in focusing the higher financing in human capital development specifically in education and health. Keyswords: Economic Growth, Gross Saving, Old Dependency Ratio, Young Dependency Ratio Pages: 563-579 Article: 47 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)47 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)47 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Chinese Geo-Strategic Objectives and Economic Interests in Afghanistan under President Xi Jinping Authors: Farooq Ahmed Prof. Dr. Iram Khalid Abstract: China has its own distinctive interests, concerns and strategies with respect to the changing security dynamics in Afghanistan. China has taken an active interest, though retaining a low profile and avoiding direct military interaction. China has exclusively relished on economic engagement actively and provided numerous financial aid and financial support in the rebuilding of Afghanistan's economy. The aim of this research study is to analyze the geo-strategic objectives and economic interests of China under the leadership of President Xi Jinping. This study looks at the actual diplomatic, economic and protection commitments of both countries as well as the basis of the geopolitical complexities – core variables that form China's current foreign policy to Afghanistan. Keyswords: Afghanistan, BRI, China, NATO Withdrawal Pages: 580-592 Article: 48 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)48 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)48 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License The Argument Structure of Intransitive Verbs in Pashto Authors: Abdul Hamid Nadeem Haider Bukhari Ghani Rehman Abstract: This study focuses on the description and categorization of intransitive verbs in terms of its argument structure. The study concludes that the unaccusative verbs only project an internal argument. It does not require the event argument. However, the said verb can be causativised by adding external argument and at the same time the event argument gets included in the valency of the derived causative of the unaccusative root. The unergative, on the other hand, requires an external argument as an obligatory argument while the internal argument is not the obligatory argument of the verb. The event argument is also a part of the valency of the verb. The APFs require one argument which is the internal argument of the verb. However, since the external argument is not available, the internal argument of the verb gets realized as the subject of the verb. The verb does not project event argument. The ergative predicates are derived by the suppression of the external argument and by the externalization of the internal argument. Keyswords: Argument Structure, Ergative Case, Event Argument, External Argument, Internal Argument, Valency Pages: 593-610 Article: 49 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)49 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)49 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Positive, Negative and Criminal Orientation of Beggars in Okara: Perspective of Students Authors: Shahzad Farid Saif-Ur-Rehman Saif Abbasi Hassan Raza Abstract: This study aimed to measure the perspective of students about the criminal orientation of beggars. The sample size of the study (i.e., 100 students) was explored using Taro Yamane’ equation from the university of Okara, Punjab, Pakistan. The respondents were approached using simple random sampling and interviewed using face to face interview schedule. The data was collected using a structured questionnaire. The analysis was administered through SPSS-20.The study explored that parental illiteracy is associated with the high criminal and negative orientation of students towards beggars. It was also explored that females and respondents from rural background have low negative orientation towards beggars. However, males and respondents from urban background have medium criminal orientation and low positive orientation towards beggars, respectively. The study is useful for the government of Punjab, Pakistan campaign and policy for anti-begging. The study introduced the geometrical model of youth’s orientation toward begging. The study also contributed to the literature on begging by extending its domain from Law and Criminology to sociology as it incorporated social variables e.g., parents’ education, gender, etc., to explore their association with the youth’s socialization about begging. Keyswords: Begging, Crime, Education, Gender, Students Pages: 611-621 Article: 50 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)50 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)50 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Relationship between Entrepreneurial Export Orientation and Export Entrepreneurship through Mediation of Entrepreneurial Capabilities Authors: Muhammad Saqib Nawaz Masood ul Hassan Abstract: Export led growth is prominent paradigm in developing world since decades. Exports play vital role in the economy by improving the level of balance of payments, economic growth and employment. Due to strategic importance of exports, organizational researchers focused on finding antecedents of export performance of the organizations. To line with this, current study aims to find the impact of entrepreneurial export orientation on export entrepreneurship through mediation of entrepreneurial capabilities in the Pakistani context. For this purpose, data was collected from 221 exporting firms of Pakistan by using questionnaire. Collected data was analyzed with the help of Smart PLS. In findings, measurement model confirmed the validity and reliability of measures of variables. Additionally, structural model provides the positive impact of entrepreneurial export orientation on export entrepreneurship. Similarly, entrepreneurial capabilities mediate the relationship between entrepreneurial export orientation on export entrepreneurship. The findings provide important implications for the managers of exporting firms to improve export performance. Keyswords: Entrepreneurial Capabilities, Entrepreneurial Export Orientation, Export Entrepreneurship Pages: 622-636 Article: 51 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)51 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)51 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License China Pakistan Economic Corridor: Explaining U.S-India Strategic Concerns Authors: Nasreen Akhtar Dilshad Bano Abstract: Regional and International political and economic landscape is being changed owing to China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CEPEC)-the new security paradigm has taken place-that has increased the strategic concerns of the U.S. and India. This research paper attempts to re-examine China-Pakistan relations in the new emerging geo-political compass. This paper has investigated the question that how regional, and global developments have impacted the China-Pakistan relationship? And why China – Pakistan have become partners of CPEC? In the global context, this paper assesses the emerging International Order, Indo-U. S strategic narrative vis-à-vis CPEC, and the containment of China through the new alliances and their impacts on China -Pakistan vis-à-vis the Belt Road Initiative (BRI). Quadrilateral (Quad) alliances is shaping the new strategic political and security paradigms in the world politics. Keyswords: BRI, China, CPEC, India, Pakistan, Silk Road, Strategic Concerns Pages: 637-649 Article: 52 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)52 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)52 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License The Structure of Domestic Politics and 1973 Constitution of Pakistan Authors: Dr. Fida Bazai Dr. Ruqia Rehman Amjad Rashid Abstract: Pakistan is located in a pivotal region. Its geo-strategic location affects its national identity as a nation state. Unlike Europe in South Asia security dilemma, proxy warfare and nuclear arms race are consistent features of the regional politics. The identity of Pakistan as security-centric state gives its army disproportional power, which created institutional imbalance that directly affected constitutionalism in the country. The constitution of Pakistan is based on principles of civilian supremacy and separation of power but in reality Pakistan’s army is the most powerful institution in country. This paper argues that the structure of Pakistani politics; created institutional imbalances by the disproportionate distribution of resources is the key variable in creating dichotomy. The structure of domestic politics is based upon the principles of hostility to India, use of Islam for national unity and strategic alliances with major powers to finance defense against the neighboring countries. Keyswords: Constitutionalism, Identity, Islam, South Asia Pages: 650-661 Article: 53 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)53 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)53 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License National Integration and Regionalism in Pakistan: Government’s Strategy and Response toward Regionalist Demands 1947-77 Authors: Najeeb ur Rehman Mohammad Dilshad Mohabbat Muhammad Wahid Abstract: The countries of South Asian region have pluralistic societies with different language, religious, and ethnic identities. Pakistan is no exception who is facing the challenge of regionalism since its inception. Different ethnic groups have been consistently raising their voices for separatism or autonomy within the frame work of an existing territorial state. The issues of provincialism, ethnicity, and regionalism is posing a serious challenge to the integrity of the country. This paper aims to explore the causes of the regionalism in Pakistan and intends to analyze the policies and strategies of different political governments which they launched to tackle this all important issue. The paper follows the historical method of research and analyzes different types of qualitative data to conclude the finding of the research. The paper develops the theory of “Regionalists Demand and Government Response” which shows how different regionalist forces put their demands and how the governments react on these demands. It recommends the grant of greater regional autonomy to the regionalists to enhance internal security and to protect the country from disintegration. Keyswords: Demands, Ethnicity, Government Strategy, National Integrity, Nationalism, Regionalism Pages: 662-678 Article: 54 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)54 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)54 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Fostering Entrepreneurial Mindset through Entrepreneurial Education: A Qualitative Study Authors: Saira Maqbool Dr. Qaisara Parveen Dr. Muhammad Hanif Abstract: Research on entrepreneurial mindset has flourished in these recent years. Its significance lies in a critical suspicion and its matters for inventive behavior. Entrepreneurship joined with innovative abilities, seen as one of the most wanted in this day and age. This study aims to determine the perceptions about entrepreneurial mindset, its importance, and the role of entrepreneurship education and Training in developing the entrepreneurial mindset. This is a qualitative study based on interviews conducted by professors of Pakistan and Germany. The analysis was determined through content analysis. The results determine that 'Making Entrepreneurial Mindset' assists with seeing better all parts of business venture, which will undoubtedly influence their view of business venture, pioneering abilities, and mentalities. Keyswords: Entrepreneurship Education, Entrepreneurial Mindset Pages: 679-691 Article: 55 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)55 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)55 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Benefits of Implementing Single National Curriculum in Special Schools of Lahore city for Children with Intellectual Disability: Teachers’ Perception Authors: Dr. Hina Fazil Khurram Rameez Sidra Ansar Abstract: Single national curriculum (SNC) is an important issue across the Punjab Province of Pakistan. Making and implementing SNC is not only focusing the education of normal pupils, but also focusing students with disabilities (SWD). The field of special education experienced an increased discussion of curriculum for students with intellectual disabilities (SID). The present research aimed to know the benefits to implement first stage of single national curriculum for students with Intellectual disability and to know the differences about the benefits between public and private schools regarding SNC for students with ID based on demographic characteristics. Likert type researchers-made questionnaire with reliability) Cronbach alpha .922) was used. 90 special educationists from public and private schools were chosen through random sampling technique. The findings raised some benefits such as: SNC will bridge the social and economic disparities which will increase the acceptance of ID students. It was recommended that SNC should include areas of adaptive skills, motor, and vocational skills to get involved in work activities. Keyswords: Benefits, Children with Intellectual Disability, Single National Curriculum Pages: 692-703 Article: 56 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)56 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)56 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Last Rituals and Problems Faced by the Hindu Community in Punjab: A Case Study of Lahore Authors: Sabir Naz Abstract: Lahore is the provincial capital of Punjab, where a sizeable population of the Hindus has been residing there since the inception of Pakistan. There had been many crematoriums in the city but with the passage of time, one after another, disappeared from the land after partition of the Sub-continent. Those places were replaced by commercial or residential sites. There is also a graveyard in the city which is in the use of Hindu Valmik Sect. However, it was encroached by some Muslims due to very small size of population and indolence of the Hindus. Later on, the encroachments were removed by the District Government Lahore in compliance of order of the Supreme Court of Pakistan. Presently, there is a graveyard as well as a crematorium in the city. The community remained deprived of a place to dispose of a dead body according to their faith for a long period which is contravention with the guidelines of the Quaid-e-Azam, founder of the nation Keyswords: Crematorium, Graveyard, Hindu community, Last Rituals Pages: 704-713 Article: 57 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)57 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)57 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Estimating Growth Model by Non-Nested Encompassing: A Cross Country Analysis Authors: Benish Rashid Dr. Shahid Razzaque Dr. Atiq ur Rehman Abstract: Whether models are nested or non-nested it is important to be able to compare them and evaluate their comparative results. In this study six growth models have been used for analyzing the main determinants of economic growth in case of cross countries, therefore by using these six models we have tested them for non-nested and nested encompassing through Cox test and F-test respectively. Data from 1980 to 2020 were used to analyze the cross country growth factors so therefore, the current study looked at about forty four countries with modelling these different comparative studies based on growth modelling. So, we can make these six individual models and we can estimate the General Unrestricted Model with the use of econometric technique of Non-Nested Encompassing. By evaluating the data using the Non-Nested Encompassing econometric technique, different sets of economic variables has been used to evaluate which sets of the economic variables are important to boost up the growth level of the country. And found that in case of nested model or full model it is concluded that model with lag value of GDP, trade openness, population, real export, and gross fix capital formation are the main and potential determinants to boost up the Economic Growth in most of the countries. Keyswords: Cross Country, Economic Growth, Encompassing, Nested, Non-nested Pages: 714-727 Article: 58 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)58 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)58 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Assessment of Youth Buying Behaviour for Organic Food Products in Southern Punjab: Perceptions and Hindrances Authors: Ayousha Rahman Asif Yaseen Muhammad Arif Nawaz Abstract: This research examined the cognitive antecedental effects on organic food purchase behaviour for understanding the perceptions and hindrances associated with purchasing organic food products. Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) was adopted as a theoretical framework. A total of 250 young consumers in the two cities of Southern Punjab, Pakistan was randomly sampled and data were collected via a face-to-face survey method. Partial least square technique was employed to test the model. The results showed that attitude towards organic food purchasing motivated when moral norms were activated to consume organic food products. Further, environmental knowledge moderated the relationship of organic food purchase intentions and behaviour significantly. The findings highlighted the importance of moral norms as a meaningful antecedent that could increase the TP-based psychosocial processes if consumers have sufficient environmental knowledge. Therefore, farmers, organic products marketers, government administrators, and food retailers should take initiatives not only to highlight the norms and values but also when promoting organic food production and consumption. Keyswords: Environmental Knowledge, Organic Food Purchase Behaviour, Personal Attitude, PLS-SEM, Subjective & Moral Norms Pages: 728-748 Article: 59 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)59 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)59 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License An Analysis on Students Ideas about English and Urdu as Medium of Instructions in the Subjects of Social Sciences studying in the Colleges of the Punjab, Pakistan Authors: Ashiq Hussain Asma Amanat Abstract: The worth and usefulness of English education as a foreign language is of great concern to language rule and planning (LRP) researchers compared to teaching their native language globally in higher education. The study under research examines the perspectives of two similar groups of the final year students of at Higher Education Institutions of Pakistan. The first group consists of art students who received the Urdu medium of instruction (UMI), and the second group received the English medium of instruction (EMI). An empirical methodology was carried out in the present year, students answered questionnaires to find out the benefits and challenges of learning subject-based knowledge, what subject-based knowledge means to them, and their understanding of language as a teaching language. Interviews were conducted with the selected group of students who wished to participate in research. Additional information is available from the tests and results obtained in the two equivalent courses. Although many similarities have been identified between the two groups, the overall knowledge of disciplinary knowledge of English medium instruction students was not very effective, while that of UMI students was very effective. It explains the implications of the findings to continue the language rule as policy experience for teaching in higher education institutions. Keyswords: English as Medium of Instruction (EMI), Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), Urdu as Medium of Instruction (UMI) Pages: 749-760 Article: 60 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)60 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)60 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Environment and Women in Kurt Vonnegut’s ‘Happy Birthday Wanda Juny’: An Eco- Critical and Feminist Analysis Authors: Dr. Muhammad Asif Safana Hashmat Khan Muhammad Afzal Khan Janjua Abstract: This is an Eco-feminist study of Vonnegut’s ‘Happy Birthday Wanda Juny’ and focuses on how both women and environment are exploited by patriarchy. Ecofeminism critiques masculine dominance highlighting its role in creating and perpetuating gender discrimination, social inequity and environmental degradation. Women suffer more because of power disparity in society. Environmental crises affect women more than men because of their already precarious existence and subaltern position. There is affinity between women and nature are victims of climate change and other environmental hazards. Cheryl Glotfelty introduced interdisciplinary approach to the study of literature and environment. Literary ecology as an emerging discipline explores the intriguing relationship between environment and literature. Ecofeminism draws on feminist critique of gender inequality showing how gender categories inscribed in power structure exploit both women and nature. Francoise d‘Eaubonne coined the term ecofeminism to critique the prevalent exploitation of both women and environment. Ecofeminism asserts that exploitation of women and degradation of the environment are the direct result of male dominance and capitalism. Ecofeminism argues for redressing the plight of women and protection of environment. Vonnegut’s play ‘Happy Birthday Wanda June’ was written at a time when the movement for the right of women and protection of environment were gaining momentum. The play shows how toxic masculinity rooted in power and capitalism exploit both women and environment. Keyswords: Eco-Feminism, Eco-Criticism, Ecology, Environment, Exploitation Pages: 761-773 Article: 61 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)61 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)61 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Critical Analysis of Social Equity and Economic Opportunities in the Light of Quranic Message Authors: Prof. Dr. Muhammad Yousuf Sharjeel Mahnaz Aslam Zahida Shah Abstract: This study critically evaluated the key verses of Surah Al-Baqarah -the second chapter of Quran, a sacred scripture of Islam- which specifically relates to social equity opportunities and a code of conduct in the context of economics. The Quran claims that it is a book which explains every situation; therefore, the aim of this study remained to extract those verses of Surah Al-Baqarah which can guide us in Economics. The authentic and approved Islamic clerics and their translations were consulted for the interpretations of the Holy verses. The researchers chiefly focused and studied Surah Baqarah with regards to social equity and economic opportunities. The translations were primarily in the regional language Urdu so the interpretations must not be related exactly equitable in English. The study engaged the document analysis research strategy. This study is only an endeavour to decipher Holy Quran’s message from Allah for the mankind so it must not be considered as the full and complete solution to the all the economic issues, challenges and opportunities. Ahadees and the saying of the Holy prophet were referred to where ever required and available. The researcher also considered the Tafasir (detail intellectual interpretations) of the Quran done by the well-known scholars of Islam for the verses studied therein and any statements and/or material - such as ideas, studies, articles, documentation, data, reports, facts, statistics etc. For the study, data was collected and analyzed qualitatively. On the basis of the study, recommendations were also primed. Keyswords: Economic Issues and Challenges, Social Equity, Surah Al-Baqarah, Al Quran Pages: 774-790 Article: 62 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)62 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)62 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License A Critical Discourse Analysis of Dastak by Mirza Adeeb Authors: Muhammad Afzal Dr. Syed Kazim Shah Umar Hayat Abstract: The present research aims to explore ideology in Pakistani drama. The drama, “Dastak”, written by Mirza Adeeb, has been taken for exploration ideologically. Fairclough’s (1992) three-dimensional model has been used for analyzing the text of the above-mentioned drama which includes textual, discursive practice and social practice analyses. The linguistic and social analyses of the drama reveal the writer’s ideology about socio-cultural, conventional and professional aspects of life. The study has also explored the past and present states of mind of Dr. Zaidi, the central and principal character of the drama, Dastak. The text implies that the writer has conveyed personal as well as social aspects of his times through the drama of Dastak. Keyswords: Dastak, Drama, Ideology, Semiotics Pages: 791-807 Article: 63 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)63 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)63 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Linking Job Satisfaction to Employee Performance: The Moderating Role of Islamic Work Ethics Authors: Dr. Shakira Huma Siddiqui Dr. Hira Salah ud din Khan Dr. Nabeel Younus Ansari Abstract: The most pervasive concern in public sector organizations is declining employee performance and workforce of these organizations are less satisfied with their jobs. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of Job Satisfaction on employee’s performance and how Islamic work ethics moderates the above mentioned direct relationship in the public sector organizations of Pakistan. The data were collected from the sample of 193 permanent employees working in public sector organizations through stratified sampling technique. The results revealed that employees Job satisfaction is significantly related to higher performance. Further, the findings indicated that Islamic work ethics moderates the relationship between job satisfaction and employee performance. The present research has some theoretical and empirical implications for academicians, policymakers, especially of public sector organizations, for the improvement of performance of their workforce. Keyswords: Employee Performance, Islamic Work Ethics, Job Satisfaction, Person-Environment Fit Theory Pages: 808-821 Article: 64 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)64 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)64 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Semantics of Qawwali: Poetry, Perception, and Cultural Consumption Authors: Rao Nadeem Alam Tayyaba Khalid Abstract: Semantics is about meanings and meanings are arbitrary and shared. Understanding qawwali context requires comprehension of semantics or process of meaning creation and meaning sharing among the qawwal party and the audience. This interactive activity might frequently be hindered when interrupted by subjective meanings creation during cultural consumption. Qawwali is a cultural tradition, its semantics are conditioned by axiological premises of poetry and perceptions which are transforming. The previous researches revealed that qawwali is associated with religion which provides the religious message by singing hamd and naat. It was a means to experience Divine; therefore, semantics are multi-layered and often crossroad with values and subjective experiences. It is novel due to its ritual of Sama. It has the therapeutic power that helps mentally disturbed people and they find refuge. This study is exploratory having a small sample size of twenty purposively selected audiences. This phenomenological inquiry used ethnographic method of conversational interviews at selected shrines and cultural spaces in Islamabad. The results indicate that qawwali is a strong refuge for people facing miseries of life and they attend Sama with a belief that attending and listening will consequently resolve their issues, either psychological or physiological. They participate in Sama which teaches them how to be optimistic in a negative situation; this paper brings forth this nodal phenomenon using the verbatim explanations by the interlocutors. Semantics of Qawwali are conditioned and some of these elements are highlighted including poetry and axiology based perceptions and cultural consumption of a cultural realm. Keyswords: Cognition, Culture, Poetry, Qawwal, Qawwali, Semantics Pages: 822-834 Article: 65 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)65 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)65 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Political Economy of Smuggling: The Living Source for the Natives (A Case Study of Jiwani-Iran Border, Baluchistan) Authors: Abdul Raheem Dr. Ikram Badshah Wasia Arshed Abstract: This study explores the political economy of smuggling on Jiwani-Iran border. The natives are majorly involved in illegal transportation of goods and objects, therefore; the study sets to explain how significant smuggling for the local people is. It describes the kinship role in reciprocity of their trade and transportation. The qualitative methods such as purposive sampling and interview guide were employed for data collection. The research findings revealed that local people were satisfied with their illegal trading which is depended largely on their expertise and know-how of smuggling at borders. They disclosed that their total economy was predominantly based on smuggling of stuff like drugs, diesel, oil, gas, petrol, ration food from Iran, and human trafficking. They also enjoyed the privilege of possessing Sajjil (Iranian identity card), thus; the dual nationality helped them in their daily business and rahdari (border crossing agreement), enabling them to travel to Iran for multiple purposes. Keyswords: Drugs, Human, Navigation, Political Economy, Reciprocity, Smuggling, Trafficking Pages: 835-848 Article: 66 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)66 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)66 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License The Vicious Circles of System: A Kafkaesque Study of Kobo Abe’s The Woman in the Dunes Authors: Imran Aslam Kainat Azhar Abstract: This paper analyses the Kafkaesque/Kafkan features of Kobo Abe’s novel The Woman in the as formulated by Kundera in “Kafka’s World.” For Kundera, in a Kafkaesque work human existence is bleakly represented through intermingling of tragedy and comedy in an indifferent world dominated by hegemonic systems. The Kafkaesque is characterised by the following: World is a huge forking labyrinthine institution where the man has been thrown to suffer its complexities, confrontation with the labyrinth makes his existence meaningless because freedom is a taboo in no man’s land, he is punished for an unknown sin for which he seeks justification from the superior authorities, but his efforts are viewed as ludicrous or comic despite the underlying sense of tragedy. (5) The Kafkaesque tendency to present tragic situation comically is also explored in Abe’s novel. The paper studies the effect of higher authorities exercising their power over man and the inscrutability of cosmic structures continuously undermining human freedom in nightmarish conditions. The paper establishes Kobo Abe in the literary world as a writer who portrays the hollowness and futility of human lives with a Kafkaesque touch. Keyswords: Authority, Institutions, Kafka, Kafkaesque, Kafkan, Kobo Abe, Kundera, The Trial, The Woman in the Dune Pages: 849-861 Article: 67 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)67 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)67 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Subjectivity and Ideological Interpellation: An Investigation of Omar Shahid Hamid’s The Spinner’s Tale Authors: Hina Iqbal Dr. Muhammad Asif Asia Saeed Abstract: Louis Althusser’s concept of interpellation is a process in which individuals internalize cultural values and ideology and becomes subject. Althusser believes that ideology is a belief system of a society in which ideological agencies establish hierarchies in society through reinforcement and discrimination for cultural conditioning. These agencies function through ideological state apparatuses. These ideological agencies help to construct individual identity in society. The undesirable ideologies promote repressive political agendas. The non-repressive ideologies are inhaled by the individuals as a natural way of looking at the culture and society. This research seeks to investigate Omar Shahid Hamid’s novel The Spinners Tales through the lens of Althusser’s ideology and interpellation. This study examines how the characters of Shahid’s novel inhaled ideology and became its subjects. This research also depicts the alarming effects of cultural hegemony that creates cultural infidelity and hierarchies between the bourgeoisie and proletariat classes. Keyswords: Cultural Hegemony, Ideological State Apparatus, Ideology, Interpellation, Repressive Factors Pages: 862-872 Article: 68 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)68 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)68 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Blessing in Disguise: Recommendations of Indian Education Commission (1882) and Christian Missionaries’ Educational Policy in the Colonial Punjab Authors: Mohammad Dilshad Mohabbat Muhammad Hassan Muhammad Ayaz Rafi Abstract: Woods Education Despatch is considered to be the Magna Carta of Indian Education. It controlled the Indian education field till the establishment of Indian Education Commission, 1882. The Despatch provided space to Christian missionaries by promising government’s gradual withdrawal from the education in favour of missionaries. It also facilitated the missionaries by offering system of ‘grants on aid’ to the private bodies. Consequently, the missionaries fancied to replace the government institutions in the Punjab and initiated their efforts to increase the number of their educational institutions. They tried to occupy the educational field by establishing more and more educational institutions. But after the Recommendations of the Indian Education Commission 1882, a change in their policy of numeric increase of educational institutions is quite visible. With the turn of the century, they are found to be eager to establish a few institutions with good quality of education. This paper intends to analyse different factors behind the change of their policy of quantitative dominance to qualitative improvement. It also attempts to evaluate how their change of policy worked and what steps were taken to improve the quality of their educational institutions. Following the historical method qualitative data comprising educational reports, missionaries’ autobiographies, Reports of missionaries’ conferences, and the other relevant primary and secondary sources has been collected from different repositories. The analysis of the data suggests that the attitude of the administration of the education department and the recommendations of Indian Education Commission were the major driving forces behind the change of missionaries’ educational policy in the 20th century. The missionaries, after adopting the new policy, worked on the quality of education in their institutions and became successful. Keyswords: Christian Missionaries, Indian Education Commission, Missionary Schools, Numeric Increase, Quality of Education. The Punjab, Woods Education Despatch Pages: 873-887 Article: 69 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)69 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)69 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Basic Life Values of Prospective Special Education Teachers Authors: Dr. Maria Sohaib Qureshi Dr. Syeda Samina Tahira Dr. Muhammad Irfan Arif Abstract: Future teachers' preconceived values about how to live their lives and how that affects the lives of their students were the focus of this study. Descriptive research was used by the researchers. The study was carried out by using Morris's Ways to Live Scale. Researchers used this scale to study prospective special education teachers' gender, social status, personal relationships, aesthetics and mental approach using purposive sampling method. Descriptive and inferential stats were used to analyse the data collected from those who participated in the study on basic life values of prospective teachers. Results indicated that being social and sympathetic are the most important values among prospective special education teachers. It was also found that male and female prospective special education teachers living in urban and rural areas had no significant differences in their basic life values. Keyswords: Special Education, Teacher, Values Pages: 888-896 Article: 70 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)70 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)70 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Perception of Dowry: Effects on Women Rights in Punjab Authors: Dr. Bushra Yasmeen Dr. Muhammad Ramzan Dr. Asma Seemi Malik Abstract: Dowry is a common tradition in south Asian countries, especially in Pakistan and India. Daughters became curses and liability for parents causing serious consequences. For control, there are legal ban/restrictions (Dowry and Wedding Gifts (Restriction) Act, 1976; Amendment in Act, 1993) on its practice in Pakistan. Despite the legal cover, the custom has been extended. Dowry amount seems to be increasing due to changing lifestyle and trends of society. To understand males’ and females’ perceptions about dowry; impacts of dowry; why dowry is essential; and how it is affecting women’s rights and eventually affecting women’s autonomy. A qualitative study was conducted. Data was collected by using unstructured interviews from males and females including social activists, economists, and married couples about wedding expenses, demands, society pressure, men’s support, and perception against dowry especially with regards to women’s rights and autonomy. The study concluded heavy dowry especially in terms of furniture, electronics, kitchenware, car, furnished houses, and cash highly associated with women’s development and their rights. General people’s perception showed that dowry is no longer remained a custom or tradition in Asian countries. It is just a trend and people follow it as a symbol of respect for parents and women as well. Keyswords: Dowry, Effects, Impacts Of Dowry, Perceptions, Women Autonomy, Women Rights Pages: 897-909 Article: 71 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)71 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)71 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License NCOC-An Emblem of Effective Governance: An analysis of Pakistan’s Counter Strategy for Covid-19 as a Non-Traditional Security Challenge Authors: Dr. Iram Khalid Abstract: COVID -19 affected the world unprecedentedly. Lack of capacity and poor standards of governance caused nontraditional security challenges to Pakistan too. The NCOC is the central nerve center to guide the national response to COVID-19 by Pakistan and can be best analyzed in the light of the decision-making theory of Naturalist Decision Making (NDM). The study points out the effective role performed by NCOC at policy formation through a more prosaic combination of science, data, decision making and execution of decisions at the level of federalism. The study highlights the changing patterns of government’s approach during the pandemic at various levels. Pakistan faced economic, political and social crisis during this phase. This study uses a survey and key informant interviews as the source of analysis for qualitative data collection. By applying the decision- making theory, the paper extends that there is a need to use a model to balance the existing gap within the system, to meet challenges. The study suggests a coordinating approach among various units and center; that might raise the level of performance to meet the nontraditional security challenges with innovation, creativity and boldness. Keyswords: COVID-19, Decision Making Theory, Governance, Nontraditional Threats, Strategy Pages: 910-930 Article: 72 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)72 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)72 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Comparative Implications of Wednesbury Principle in England and Pakistan Authors: Safarat Ahmad Ali Shah Dr. Sara Qayum Arzoo Farhad Abstract: Wednesbury principle is one of the most important and useful grounds of the Judicial Review. Judicial review is a remedy provided by the public law and is exercised by the superior and higher courts to supervise administrative authorities' powers and functions. The main objective of the judicial review is to ensure the fair and transparent treatment of individuals by public authorities. The ground of the judicial review, i.e., Unreasonableness or irrationality or popularly known as Wednesbury Unreasonableness was introduced by lord Greene in the Wednesbury Corporation case in 1948. Initially, the scope of this ground of judicial review was very narrow and was allowed only in rare cases. However, with the development of administrative law and Human rights, it also developed. Its development resulted in different controversies and issues about the application of this ground. The main issue is about its encroachment in the jurisdiction of other branches of the government i.e., the parliament and executive. The free and loose application of this principle results in confusion and conflict between different organs of the government. The present paper is based on the implications of the limitations on the ground of Wednesbury Unreasonableness both on the judicial and administrative bodies in Pakistan to avoid the chaos and confusion that results in the criticisms on this ground of judicial review. Keyswords: Administrative Authorities, Critical Analysis, Illegality, Judicial Review, Pakistan, Wednesbury Unreasonableness Pages: 931-946 Article: 73 , Volume 2 , Issue 4 DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)73 DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-IV)73 Download Pdf: download pdf view article Creative Commons License Water Sharing Issues in Pakistan: Impacts on Inter-Provincial Relations

JOURNAL ARTICLE published 31 December 2021 in Journal of Development and Social Sciences

Key Performance Indicators of Public-Owned Enterprises (POEs) in North Macedonia

BOOK CHAPTER published December 2021 in CIRIEC Studies Series

Authors: Merita Zulfiu Alili

Mapping the human genetic architecture of COVID-19

JOURNAL ARTICLE published 16 December 2021 in Nature

Authors: COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative | Mari E. K. Niemi | Juha Karjalainen | Rachel G. Liao | Benjamin M. Neale | Mark Daly | Andrea Ganna | Gita A. Pathak | Shea J. Andrews | Masahiro Kanai | Kumar Veerapen | Israel Fernandez-Cadenas | Eva C. Schulte | Pasquale Striano | Minttu Marttila | Camelia Minica | Eirini Marouli | Mohd Anisul Karim | Frank R. Wendt | Jeanne Savage | Laura Sloofman | Guillaume Butler-Laporte | Han-Na Kim | Stavroula Kanoni | Yukinori Okada | Jinyoung Byun | Younghun Han | Mohammed Jashim Uddin | George Davey Smith | Cristen J. Willer | Joseph D. Buxbaum | Juha Mehtonen | Hilary Finucane | Mattia Cordioli | Alicia R. Martin | Wei Zhou | Bogdan Pasaniuc | Hanna Julienne | Hugues Aschard | Huwenbo Shi | Loic Yengo | Renato Polimanti | Maya Ghoussaini | Jeremy Schwartzentruber | Ian Dunham | Karolina Chwialkowska | Margherita Francescatto | Amy Trankiem | Mary K. Balaconis | Lea Davis | Sulggi Lee | James Priest | Alessandra Renieri | Vijay G. Sankaran | David van Heel | Patrick Deelen | J. Brent Richards | Tomoko Nakanishi | Les Biesecker | V. Eric Kerchberger | J. Kenneth Baillie | Francesca Mari | Anna Bernasconi | Stefano Ceri Baillie | Arif Canakoglu | Brooke Wolford | Annika Faucon | Atanu Kumar Dutta | Claudia Schurmann | Emi Harry | Ewan Birney | Huy Nguyen | Jamal Nasir | Mari Kaunisto | Matthew Solomonson | Nicole Dueker | Nirmal Vadgama | Sophie Limou | Souad Rahmouni | Hamdi Mbarek | Dima Darwish | Md Mesbah Uddin | Raquel Albertos | Jordi Pérez-Tur | Ruolin Li | Lasse Folkersen | Ida Moltke | Nils Koelling | Alexander Teumer | Athanasios Kousathanas | Alicia Utrilla | Ricardo A. Verdugo | Ruth Zárate | Carolina Medina-Gómez | David Gómez-Cabrero | Elena Carnero-Montoro | Carmen L. Cadilla | Andrés Moreno-Estrada | Adriana Garmendia | Leire Moya | Bahar Sedaghati-Khayat | Palwendé Romuald Boua | Marie-Julie Favé | Laurent Francioli | Audrey Lemaçon | Isabelle Migeotte | Sanjay Patel | Reka Varnai | Jozsef L. Szentpeteri | Csilla Sipeky | Francesca Colombo | Kathrin von Hohenstaufen | Pietro Lio | Costanza Vallerga | Qingbo Wang | Yosuke Tanigawa | Hogune Im | Chulho Han | Han Song | Jiwoo Lim | Younhe Lee | Sugyeong Kim | Sangyoon Im | Biljana Atanasovska | Hajar Fauzan Ahmad | Cindy Boer | Philip Jansen | Lude Franke | Elżbieta Kaja | Dorota Pasko | Ingrid Kennis-Szilagyi | Sergey A. Kornilov | Vid Prijatelj | Ivana Prokić | Ilangkumaran Sivanadhan | Sarala Perumal | Sahar Esmaeeli | Nathaniel M. Pearson | Adam Auton | Janie F. Shelton | Anjali J. Shastri | Teresa Filshtein-Sonmez | Daniella Coker | Antony Symons | Jorge Esparza-Gordillo | Stella Aslibekyan | Jared O’Connell | Chelsea Ye | Catherine H. Weldon | Minoli Perera | Kevin O’Leary | Matthew Tuck | Travis O’Brien | David Meltzer | Peter O’Donnell | Edith Nutescu | Guang Yang | Cristina Alarcon | Stefanie Herrmann | Sophia Mazurek | Jeff Banagan | Zacharia Hamidi | April Barbour | Noora Raffat | Diana Moreno | Paula Friedman | Bart Ferwerda | Diederik van de Beek | Matthijs C. Brouwer | Alexander P. J. Vlaar | W. Joost Wiersinga | Danielle Posthuma | Elleke Tissink | A. H. Koos Zwinderman | Emil Uffelmann | Michiel van Agtmael | Anne Geke Algera | Frank van Baarle | Diane Bax | Martijn Beudel | Harm Jan Bogaard | Marije Bomers | Peter I. Bonta | Lieuwe Bos | Michela Botta | Justin de Brabander | Godelieve de Bree | Sanne de Bruin | Marianna Bugiani | Esther Bulle | Osoul Chouchane | Alex Cloherty | Dave Dongelmans | Paul Elbers | Lucas Fleuren | Suzanne Geerlings | Bart Geerts | Theo Geijtenbeek | Armand Girbes | Bram Goorhuis | Martin P. Grobusch | Florianne Hafkamp | Laura Hagens | Jorg Hamann | Vanessa Harris | Robert Hemke | Sabine M. Hermans | Leo Heunks | Markus Hollmann | Janneke Horn | Joppe W. Hovius | Menno D. de Jong | Rutger Koning | Niels van Mourik | Jeannine Nellen | Esther J. Nossent | Frederique Paulus | Edgar Peters | Tom van der Poll | Bennedikt Preckel | Jan M. Prins | Jorinde Raasveld | Tom Reijnders | Michiel Schinkel | Marcus J. Schultz | Alex Schuurman | Kim Sigaloff | Marry Smit | Cornelis S. Stijnis | Willemke Stilma | Charlotte Teunissen | Patrick Thoral | Anissa Tsonas | Marc van der Valk | Denise Veelo | Heder de Vries | Michèle van Vugt | Dorien Wouters | René P. Minnaar | Adrie Kromhout | Kees W. J. van Uffelen | Ruud A. Wolterman | Genevieve Roberts | Danny Park | Catherine A. Ball | Marie Coignet | Shannon McCurdy | Spencer Knight | Raghavendran Partha | Brooke Rhead | Miao Zhang | Nathan Berkowitz | Michael Gaddis | Keith Noto | Luong Ruiz | Milos Pavlovic | Eurie L. Hong | Kristin Rand | Ahna Girshick | Harendra Guturu | Asher Haug Baltzell | Souad Rahmouni | Julien Guntz | Yves Beguin | Sara Pigazzini | Lindokuhle Nkambule | Youssef Bouysran | Adeline Busson | Xavier Peyrassol | Françoise Wilkin | Bruno Pichon | Guillaume Smits | Isabelle Vandernoot | Jean-Christophe Goffard | Michel Georges | Michel Moutschen | Benoit Misset | Gilles Darcis | Julien Guiot | Laurent Jadot | Samira Azarzar | Patricia Dellot | Stéphanie Gofflot | Sabine Claassen | Axelle Bertrand | Gilles Parzibut | Mathilde Clarinval | Catherine Moermans | Olivier Malaise | Kamilia El Kandoussi | Raphaël Thonon | Pascale Huynen | Alyssia Mesdagh | Sofia Melo | Nicolas Jacques | Emmanuel Di Valentin | François Giroule | Alice Collignon | Coraline Radermecker | Marielle Lebrun | Hélène Perée | Samuel Latour | Olivia Barada | Judit Sanchez | Claire Josse | Bouchra Boujemla | Margot Meunier | Emeline Mariavelle | Sandy Anania | Hélène Gazon | Danusia Juszczak | Marjorie Fadeur | Séverine Camby | Christelle Meuris | Marie Thys | Jessica Jacques | Monique Henket | Philippe Léonard | Frederic Frippiat | Jean-Baptiste Giot | Anne-Sophie Sauvage | Christian Von Frenckell | Myriam Mni | Marie Wéry | Alicia Staderoli | Yasmine Belhaj | Bernard Lambermont | David R. Morrison | Vincent Mooser | Vincenzo Forgetta | Rui Li | Biswarup Ghosh | Laetitia Laurent | Alexandre Belisle | Danielle Henry | Tala Abdullah | Olumide Adeleye | Noor Mamlouk | Nofar Kimchi | Zaman Afrasiabi | Nardin Rezk | Branka Vulesevic | Meriem Bouab | Charlotte Guzman | Louis Petitjean | Chris Tselios | Xiaoqing Xue | Jonathan Afilalo | Marc Afilalo | Maureen Oliveira | Bluma Brenner | Nathalie Brassard | Madeleine Durand | Erwin Schurr | Pierre Lepage | Jiannis Ragoussis | Daniel Auld | Michaël Chassé | Daniel E. Kaufmann | G. Mark Lathrop | Darin Adra | Lea K. Davis | Nancy J. Cox | Jennifer E. Below | Julia M. Sealock | Annika B. Faucon | Megan M. Shuey | Hannah G. Polikowsky | Lauren E. Petty | Douglas M. Shaw | Hung-Hsin Chen | Wanying Zhu | Kerstin U. Ludwig | Julia Schröder | Carlo Maj | Selina Rolker | Markus M. Nöthen | Julia Fazaal | Verena Keitel | Björn-Erik Ole Jensen | Torsten Feldt | Ingo Kurth | Nikolaus Marx | Michael Dreher | Isabell Pink | Markus Cornberg | Thomas Illig | Clara Lehmann | Philipp Schommers | Max Augustin | Jan Rybniker | Lisa Knopp | Thomas Eggermann | Sonja Volland | Janine Altmüller | Marc M. Berger | Thorsten Brenner | Anke Hinney | Oliver Witzke | Robert Bals | Christian Herr | Nicole Ludwig | Jörn Walter | Christian Fuchsberger | Cristian Pattaro | Alessandro De Grandi | Peter Pramstaller | David Emmert | Roberto Melotti | Luisa Foco | Deborah Mascalzoni | Martin Gögele | Francisco Domingues | Andrew Hicks | Christopher R. Gignoux | Stephen J. Wicks | Kristy Crooks | Kathleen C. Barnes | Michelle Daya | Jonathan Shortt | Nicholas Rafaels | Sameer Chavan | David B. Goldstein | Krzysztof Kiryluk | Soumitra Sengupta | Wendy Chung | Muredach P. Reilly | Atlas Khan | Chen Wang | Gundula Povysil | Nitin Bhardwaj | Ali G. Gharavi | Iuliana Ionita-Laza | Ning Shang | Sheila M. O’Byrne | Renu Nandakumar | Amritha Menon | Yat S. So | Eldad Hod | Danielle Pendrick | Han-Na Kim | Soo-Kyung Park | Hyung-Lae Kim | Chang Kyung Kang | Hyo-Jung Lee | Kyoung-Ho Song | Kyung Jae Yoon | Nam-Jong Paik | Woojin Seok | Heejun Yoon | Eun-Jeong Joo | Yoosoo Chang | Seungho Ryu | Wan Beom Park | Jeong Su Park | Kyoung Un Park | Sin Young Ham | Jongtak Jung | Eu Suk Kim | Hong Bin Kim | David Ellinghaus | Frauke Degenhardt | Mario Cáceres | Simonas Juzenas | Tobias L. Lenz | Agustín Albillos | Antonio Julià | Bettina Heidecker | Federico Garcia | Florian Kurth | Florian Tran | Frank Hanses | Heinz Zoller | Jan C. Holter | Javier Fernández | Leif Erik Sander | Philip Rosenstiel | Philipp Koehler | Rafael de Cid | Rosanna Asselta | Stefan Schreiber | Ute Hehr | Daniele Prati | Guido Baselli | Luca Valenti | Luis Bujanda | Jesus M. Banales | Stefano Duga | Mauro D’Amato | Manuel Romero-Gómez | Maria Buti | Pietro Invernizzi | Andre Franke | Johannes R. Hov | Tom H. Karlsen | Trine Folseraas | Douglas Maya-Miles | Ana Teles | Clinton Azuure | Eike Matthias Wacker | Florian Uellendahl-Werth | Hesham ElAbd | Jatin Arora | Jon Lerga-Jaso | Lars Wienbrandt | Malte Christoph Rühlemann | Mareike Wendorff | May Sissel Vadla | Ole Bernt Lenning | Onur Özer | Ronny Myhre | Soumya Raychaudhuri | Anja Tanck | Christoph Gassner | Georg Hemmrich-Stanisak | Jan Kässens | Maria E. Figuera Basso | Martin Schulzky | Michael Wittig | Nicole Braun | Tanja Wesse | Wolfgang Albrecht | Xiaoli Yi | Aaron Blandino Ortiz | Adolfo Garrido Chercoles | Agustín Ruiz | Alberto Mantovani | Aleksander Rygh Holten | Alena Mayer | Alessandro Cherubini | Alessandro Protti | Alessio Aghemo | Alessio Gerussi | Alfredo Ramirez | Alice Braun | Ana Barreira | Ana Lleo | Anders Benjamin Kildal | Andreas Glück | Anna Carreras Nolla | Anna Latiano | Anne Ma Dyrhol-Riise | Antonio Muscatello | Antonio Voza | Ariadna Rando-Segura | Aurora Solier | Banasik Karina | Beatriz Cortes | Beatriz Mateos | Beatriz Nafria-Jimenez | Benedikt Schaefer | Carla Bellinghausen | Carlos Ferrando | Carmen Quereda | Carsten Skurk | Charlotte Thibeault | Christoph D. Spinner | Christoph Lange | Cinzia Hu | Claudio Cappadona | Cristiana Bianco | Cristina Sancho | Dag Arne Lihaug Hoff | Daniela Galimberti | David Jiménez | David Pestaña | David Toapanta | Elena Azzolini | Elio Scarpini | Elisa T. Helbig | Eloisa Urrechaga | Elvezia Maria Paraboschi | Emanuele Pontali | Enric Reverter | Enrique Navas | Eunate Arana | Félix García Sánchez | Ferruccio Ceriotti | Francesco Malvestiti | Francisco Mesonero | Gianni Pezzoli | Giuseppe Lamorte | Holger Neb | Ilaria My | Isabel Hernández | Itziar de Rojas | Iván Galván-Femenia | Jan Heyckendorf | Jan Rybniker | Joan Ramon Badia | Jochen Schneider | Josune Goikoetxea | Julia Kraft | Karl Erik Müller | Karoline I. Gaede | Koldo Garcia-Etxebarria | Kristian Tonby | Lars Heggelund | Laura Izquierdo-Sanchez | Lauro Sumoy | Lena J. Lippert | Leonardo Terranova | Lucia Garbarino | Luis Téllez | Luisa Roade | Mahnoosh Ostadreza | Maider Intxausti | Manolis Kogevinas | María A. Gutiérrez-Stampa | Maria J. G. T. Vehreschild | Marta Marquié | Massimo Castoldi | Maurizio Cecconi | Mercè Boada | Michael J. Seilmaier | Michela Mazzocco | Miguel Rodríguez-Gandía | Natale Imaz Ayo | Natalia Blay | Nilda Martínez | Oliver A. Cornely | Orazio Palmieri | Paolo Tentorio | Pedro M. Rodrigues | Pedro P. España | Per Hoffmann | Petra Bacher | Phillip Suwalski | Raúl de Pablo | Rosa Nieto | Salvatore Badalamenti | Sandra Ciesek | Sara Bombace | Sibylle Wilfling | Søren Brunak | Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach | Stephan Ripke | Thomas Bahmer | Ulf Landmesser | Ulrike Protzer | Valeria Rimoldi | Vegard Skogen | Victor Andrade | Victor Moreno | Wolfgang Poller | Xavier Farre | Xiaomin Wang | Yascha Khodamoradi | Zehra Karadeniz | Adolfo de Salazar | Adriana Palom | Alba-Estela Garcia-Fernandez | Albert Blanco-Grau | Alberto Zanella | Alessandra Bandera | Almut Nebel | Andrea Biondi | Andrea Caballero-Garralda | Andrea Gori | Andreas Lind | Anna Ludovica Fracanzani | Anna Peschuck | Antonio Pesenti | Carmen de la Horra | Chiara Milani | Cinzia Paccapelo | Claudio Angelini | Cristina Cea | Eduardo Muñiz-Diaz | Elena Sandoval | Enrique J. Calderón | Erik Solligård | Fátima Aziz | Filippo Martinelli-Boneschi | Flora Peyvandi | Francesco Blasi | Francisco J. Medrano | Francisco Rodriguez-Frias | Fredrik Müller | Giacomo Grasselli | Giorgio Costantino | Giulia Cardamone | Giuseppe Foti | Giuseppe Matullo | Hayato Kurihara | Jan Egil Afset | Jan Kristian Damås | Javier Ampuero | Javier Martín | Jeanette Erdmann | Jonas Bergan | Siegfried Goerg | Jose Ferrusquía-Acosta | Jose Hernández Quero | Juan Delgado | Juan M. Guerrero | Kari Risnes | Laura Rachele Bettini | Leticia Moreira | Lise Tuset Gustad | Luigi Santoro | Luigia Scudeller | Mar Riveiro-Barciela | Marco Schaefer | Maria Carrabba | Maria G. Valsecchi | María Hernandez-Tejero | Marialbert Acosta-Herrera | Mariella D’Angiò | Marina Baldini | Marina Cazzaniga | Michele Ciccarelli | Monica Bocciolone | Monica Miozzo | Natalia Chueca | Nicola Montano | Paola Faverio | Paoletta Preatoni | Paolo Bonfanti | Paolo Omodei | Pedro Castro | Ricard Ferrer | Roberta Gualtierotti | Rocío Gallego-Durán | Rubén Morilla | Sammra Haider | Sara Marsal | Serena Aneli | Serena Pelusi | Silvano Bosari | Stefano Aliberti | Susanne Dudman | Tenghao Zheng | Tomas Pumarola | Trinidad Gonzalez Cejudo | Valter Monzani | Vicente Friaza | Wolfgang Peter | Ximo Dopazo | Stefano Duga | Sandra May | Marit M. Grimsrud | Daniel F. Gudbjartsson | Kari Stefansson | Patrick Sulem | Gardar Sveinbjornsson | Pall Melsted | Gudmundur Norddahl | Kristjan Helgi Swerford Moore | Unnur Thorsteinsdottir | Hilma Holm | Marta E. Alarcón-Riquelme | David Bernardo | Manuel Martínez-Bueno | Silvia Rojo Rello | Reedik Magi | Lili Milani | Andres Metspalu | Triin Laisk | Kristi Läll | Maarja Lepamets | Tõnu Esko | Ene Reimann | Paul Naaber | Edward Laane | Jaana Pesukova | Pärt Peterson | Kai Kisand | Jekaterina Tabri | Raili Allos | Kati Hensen | Joel Starkopf | Inge Ringmets | Anu Tamm | Anne Kallaste | Helene Alavere | Kristjan Metsalu | Mairo Puusepp | Kati Kristiansson | Sami Koskelainen | Markus Perola | Kati Donner | Katja Kivinen | Aarno Palotie | Aarno Palotie | Carlo Rivolta | Pierre-Yves Bochud | Stéphanie Bibert | Noémie Boillat | Semira Gonseth Nussle | Werner Albrich | Mathieu Quinodoz | Dhryata Kamdar | Noémie Suh | Dionysios Neofytos | Véronique Erard | Cathy Voide | P. Y. Bochud | C. Rivolta | S. Bibert | M. Quinodoz | D. Kamdar | D. Neofytos | V. Erard | C. Voide | R. Friolet | P. Vollenweider | J. L. Pagani | M. Oddo | F. Meyer zu Bentrup | A. Conen | O. Clerc | O. Marchetti | A. Guillet | C. 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MODERN APPROACHES TO THE USE OF IT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF REASONABLE LABOR RATIONING IN TRADE AND SERVICE ENTERPRISES

JOURNAL ARTICLE published 2021 in Social and labor researches

Authors: A.A. Razumov | All-Russian Research Institute of Labor | I.V. Tsygankova | North-Western Institute of Management branch of Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration; Saint Petersburg State University of Economics

Canadian Spine SocietyPresentation CPSS1: Spinal insufficiency fracture in the geriatric pediatric spinePresentation CPSS2: The clinical significance of tether breakages in anterior vertebral body growth modulation: a 2-year postoperative analysisPresentation CPSS3: Anterior vertebral body growth modulation for idiopathic scoliosis: early, mid-term and late complicationsPresentation CPSS4: Ovine model of congenital chest wall and spine deformity with alterations of respiratory mechanics: follow-up from birth to 3 monthsPresentation CPSS5: Test–retest reliability and minimum detectable change of the English translation of the Italian Spine Youth Quality of Life questionnaire in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosisPresentation B1. Abstract 31: Incidence of delayed spinal cord injury in pediatric spine deformity surgery seems to be higher than previously assumedPresentation B2. Abstract 155: What is the optimal surgical method for achieving successful symptom relief in pediatric high-grade spondylolisthesis?Presentation B3. Abstract 47: Vertebral body tethering: Truly motion preserving or rather limiting?Presentation B4. Abstract 180: Fusion rates in pediatric patients after posterior cervical spine instrumentationPresentation B5. Abstract 102: Effects of 8 years of growth hormone treatment on the onset and progression of scoliosis in children with Prader–Willi syndromePresentation B6. Abstract 144: Klippel–Feil syndrome: clinical phenotypes associated with surgical treatmentPresentation B7. Abstract 123: Anterior release for idiopathic scoliosis: Is it necessary for curve correction?Presentation B8. Abstract 62: Severe scoliosis: Do we know a better way? A retrospective comparative studyPresentation B9. Abstract 21: Intraoperative skull femoral traction in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: the correlation of traction with side-bending radiographsPresentation B10. Abstract 147: What is the effect of intraoperative halo-femoral traction on correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis?Presentation B11. Abstract 174: Extreme long-term outcome of surgically versus non-surgically treated patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosisPresentation B12. Abstract 172: The influence of multilevel spinal deformity surgery on the clinical outcome in the elderly: a prospective, observational, multicentre studyPresentation B13. Abstract 49: Demographics of a prospective evaluation of elderly deformity surgery: a prospective international observational multicentre studyPresentation B14. Abstract 119: Timing of conversion to cervical malalignment and proximal junctional kyphosis following surgical correction of adult spinal deformityPresentation B15. Abstract 44: Prioritization of realignment associated with superior clinical outcomes for surgical cervical deformity patientsPresentation B16. Abstract 50: Outcome of multilevel spinal deformity surgery in patients over 60 years of age: a multicentre international prospective studyPresentation B17. Abstract 122: A simpler, modified frailty index weighted by complication occurrence correlates to pain and disability for adult spinal deformity patientsPresentation B18. Abstract 75: Change in Oswestry Disability Index at 24 months following multilevel spinal deformity surgery in patients over 60 years of age: a multicentre international prospective studyPresentation C19. Abstract 19: A prospective cohort study evaluating trends in the surgical treatment of degenerative spondylolisthesis in Canada and the utility of a novel surgical decision aidPresentation C20. Abstract 154: Decompression compared with decompression and fusion for degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis: a Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network (CSORN) studyPresentation C21. Abstract ID 77: Lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis: factors impacting decision to fusePresentation C22. Abstract 27: Patient-reported outcomes following surgery for lumbar disc herniation: comparison of a universal and multitier health care systemPresentation C23. Abstract 151: Do patients with recurrent lumbar disc herniations fair worse with discectomy than primary operations? A retrospective analysis from the Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research NetworkPresentation C24. Abstract 136: A province-wide assessment of the appropriateness of lumbar spine MRIPresentation D25. Abstract 32: Surgical site infection reduction — a 10-year quality improvement journeyPresentation D26. Abstract 34: The impact of frailty on patient-reported outcome measures following elective thoraco-lumbar spine surgeryPresentation D27. Abstract 8: Moving toward better health: exercise practice is associated with improved outcomes after spine surgeryPresentation D28. Abstract 33: Preoperative decolonization does not adversely affect the microbiologic spectrum of spine surgical site infectionPresentation D29. Abstract 61: Feedback: reducing after-hours spine cases using an encrypted messaging systemPresentation D30. Abstract 177: Complex spine surgery is safe and effective in the extremely elderly age group: results from an ambispective study of 722 patients over 75 years old from a single institutionPresentation E31. Abstract 38: Clinical predictors of achieving minimal clinically important difference after surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy: an external validation study from the Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research NetworkPresentation E32. Abstract 66: The natural history of degenerative cervical myelopathy: an ambispective longitudinal cohort studyPresentation E33. Abstract 159: Quantitative assessment of gait characteristics in degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM): a prospective studyPresentation E34. Abstract 130: Prognostic factors in degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) for patients managed operatively and nonoperativelyPresentation E35. Abstract 175: Efficacy of surgical decompression in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy: results of a Canadian prospective multicentre studyPresentation E36. Abstract 67: Interobserver reliability of the modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (mJOA) score in degenerative cervical myelopathyPresentation F37. Abstract 128: Continuous optical monitoring of spinal cord hemodynamics during the first 7 days after injury in a porcine model of acute spinal cord injuryPresentation F38. Abstract 106: Development of a prediction model for central cord syndrome: an evaluation of motor recovery and the effectiveness of early surgery in a prospective, multicentre cohortPresentation F39. Abstract 135: Spinal cord dynamics under different clinical configurations of thoracolumbar burst fractures through numerical simulationsPresentation F40. Abstract 60: Predicting the heterogeneity of outcome following sensorimotor complete cervical spinal cord injury: trajectory-based analysis of 655 prospectively enrolled patientsPresentation F41. Abstract 167: Mortality in the year following discharge to the community from inpatient care for acute traumatic spinal cord injury: When and why?Presentation F42. Abstract 104: A novel method to classify patients with cervical incomplete spinal cord injury based on potential for recovery: a group-based trajectory analysis using prospective, multicentre data from over 800 patientsPresentation G43. Abstract 7: Responsiveness of standard spine outcome tools: Do they measure up?Presentation G44. Abstract 142: Patient outcomes: important psychological measuresPresentation G45. Abstract 84: Accuracy of surveillance for surgical site infections after spine surgery: a Bayesian latent class analysis using 4 independent data sourcesPresentation G46. Abstract 169: Econometric modelling: development of a surgical cost calculator for degenerative conditions of the lumbar spinePresentation G47. Abstract 124: The economic impact of nonreimbursable events in open, minimally invasive and robot-assisted lumbar fusion surgeryPresentation G48. Abstract 164: Are there sex differences in preoperative health status and health care delivery for patients undergoing scheduled lumbar surgery? An analysis from the Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research NetworkPresentation H49. Abstract 41: Patient phenotypes associated with functional outcomes after spinal cord injury: a principal component analysis in 1119 patientsPresentation H50. Abstract 103: Early versus late surgical decompression for acute traumatic spinal cord injury: a pooled analysis of prospective, multicentre data in 1548 patientsPresentation H51. Abstract 79: Clinical outcome correlation of diffusion tensor imaging and magnetic resonance imaging values: a systematic reviewPresentation H52. Abstract 137: A numerical study on the pathogenesis of central cord syndromePresentation H53. Abstract 42: Feasibility and utility of machine learning in prediction of bladder outcomes after spinal cord injury: analysis of 1250 patients from the European Multicenter Study about Spinal Cord Injury (EMSCI) registryPresentation H54. Abstract 18: Interventions to optimize spinal cord perfusion in patients with acute traumatic spinal cord injuries: a systematic reviewPresentation i55. Abstract 55: The effect of posterior lumbar spinal surgery on passive stiffness of rat paraspinal muscles 13 weeks post-surgeryPresentation i56. Abstract 43: A computed tomographic based morphometric analysis of the axis in adult populationPresentation i57. Abstract 92: Is there value to flexion–extension x-rays for degenerative spondylolisthesis? A multicentre retrospective studyPresentation i58. Abstract 98: The novel “7/20 EMG protocol” in combination with O-arm image-guided navigation for accurate lumbar pedicle placement while minimizing diagnostic radiation exposurePresentation i59. Abstract 148: Comparative biomechanical study of 2 types of transdiscal fixation implants for high-grade L5/S1 spine spondylolisthesis in a porcine modelPresentation i60. Abstract 85: The effects of fibre bundle size and vertebral level on passive stiffness of the lumbar paraspinal muscles in a rat modelPresentation J61. Abstract 157: A self-assembling peptide biomaterial to enhance human neural stem cell-based regeneration of the injured spinal cordPresentation J62. Abstract 162: Measuring demyelination, axonal loss and inflammation after human spinal cord injury with quantitative magnetic resonance imaging and histopathologyPresentation J63. Abstract 179: Characterization of ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) as a fluid biomarker of human traumatic spinal cord injuryPresentation J64. Abstract 13: Utility and role of virtual reality based simulation models in spinal decompression trainingPresentation J65. Abstract 160: Investigating the determinants for predicting surgical patient outcomes through the application of machine learning methodsPresentation J66. Abstract 143: Comparison of screw design and technique on cervical lateral mass screw fixationPresentation K67. Abstract 57: Development of clinical prognostic models for postoperative survival and quality of life in patients with surgically treated metastatic epidural spinal cord compressionPresentation K68. Abstract 170: Sarcomas of the spine: a 20-year survey of disease and treatment strategy in Ontario, CanadaPresentation K69. Abstract 15: Metastatic spine disease: Should patients with short life expectancy be denied surgical care? An international retrospective cohort studyPresentation K70. Abstract 29: Nanoparticle-functionalized polymethyl methacrylate bone cement for sustained chemotherapeutic drug deliveryPresentation K71. Abstract 90: Development of the Spine Oncology Study Group Outcomes Questionnaire – 8 Domain (SOSGOQ-8D)Presentation K72. Abstract 6: Treatment expectations of patients with spinal metastases: What do we tell our patients?Presentation L73. Abstract 48: Factors related to risk of opioid abuse in primary care patients with low back painPresentation L74. Abstract 65: QI/QA of a transitional outpatient pain program for spinePresentation L75. Abstract 168: The effect of preoperative opioid use on hospital length of stay in patients undergoing elective spine surgeryPresentation L76. Abstract 163: Disability or pain: Which best predicts patient satisfaction with surgical outcome? A Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network (CSORN) studyPresentation L77. Abstract 58: Rapid access to interventional pain management for lumbar nerve root pain through collaborative interprofessional provider networksPresentation L78. Abstract 63: Chronic preoperative opioid use associated with higher perioperative resource utilization and complications in adult spinal deformity patientsPresentation M79. Abstract 108: Cervical disc arthroplasty versus anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a longitudinal analysis of reoperationsPresentation M80. Abstract 46: Preliminary results of randomized controlled trial investigating the role of psychological distress on cervical spine surgery outcomes: a baseline analysisPresentation M81. Abstract 110: Operative versus nonoperative treatment of geriatric odontoid fractures: a study of North American trauma centresPresentation M82. Abstract 74: Clinical outcome of posterior cervical foraminotomy versus anterior cervical discectomy and fusionPresentation M83. Abstract 45: “Reverse Roussouly”: ratios of cervical to thoracic shape curvature in an adult cervical deformity populationPresentation M84. Abstract 109: Treatment of acute traumatic central cord syndrome: a study of North American trauma centresPresentation N85. Abstract 118: Comparing minimally invasive versus traditional open lumbar decompression and fusion surgery: a Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network (CSORN) studyPresentation N86. Abstract 54: Time to return to work after lumbar spine surgeryPresentation N87. Abstract 28: Patient-reported outcomes following surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis: comparison of a universal and multitier health care systemPresentation N88. Abstract 93: Outcomes of surgery in older adults with lumbar spinal stenosisPresentation N89. Abstract 162: Functional objective assessment using the TUG test is a useful tool to evaluate outcome in lumbar spinal stenosisPresentation N90. Abstract 36: A Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network (CSORN) matched-cohort study comparing lumbar fusion and disk arthroplastyPresentation o91. Abstract 171: Development of clinical practice guidelines for the management of traumatic spinal column and cord injuries in British Columbia: an approach to standardizing care of spine trauma patientsPresentation o92. Abstract 22: Notes from a small island: stemming the tide of a spinal deluge. The use of encrypted software applications to ensure accountability, quality control and surgical consensus in a national acute adult spinal surgery centrePresentation o93. Abstract 129: Traumatic spinal cord injuries among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal populations in Canada: an ambispective outcomes studyPresentation o94. Abstract 132: Traumatic spinal cord injury in New Zealand and Canada: a comparative analysisPresentation o95. Abstract 150: Exploring the reasons for readmission following traumatic spinal cord injuryPresentation o96. Abstract 59: Exploring the epidemiology and impact of spinal cord injury in the elderly: a 15-year Canadian population-based cohort studyPresentation P1. Abstract 139: Incidence and management of spinal metastasis in Ontario: a population-based studyPresentation P2. Abstract 91: A general population utility valuation study for the Spine Oncology Study Group Outcomes Questionnaire – 8DPresentation P3. Abstract 158: Metastatic vertebrae segmentation by augmented 3D convolutional neural networkPresentation P4. Abstract 73: Risk factors for failure of radiation therapy for spinal metastasesPresentation P5. Abstract 68: Significance of extracanalicular cement extravasation in thoracolumbar kyphoplastyPresentation P6. Abstract 120: Modelling fracture in osteoblastic vertebraePresentation P7. Abstract 97: The development of novel 2-in-1 patient-specific, 3D-printed laminar osteotomy guides with integrated pedicle screw guidesPresentation P8. Abstract 56: Effect of pelvic retroversion on pelvic geometry and muscle morphometry from upright magnetic resonance imagingPresentation P9. Abstract 161: Anatomic relationship between the accessory process of the lumbar spine and the pedicle screw entry pointPresentation P10. Abstract 20: Novel chair to measure lumbar spine extensors strength in adultsPresentation P11. Abstract 95: Error measurement between human spine, 3D scans, CT-based models, and 3D-printed modelsPresentation P12. Abstract 52: The diagnostic precision of computed tomography for traumatic cervical spine injury: an in vitro investigationPresentation P13. Abstract 94: Epidural abscess causing spinal cord infarctionPresentation P14. Abstract 83: The nerve root sedimentation sign on magnetic resonance imaging is not only correlated with neurogenic claudication: association with all types of leg-dominant mechanical painPresentation P15. Abstract 3: Accuracy of robot-assisted compared with freehand pedicle screw placement in spine surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trialsPresentation P16. Abstract 82: A positive nerve root sedimentation sign on magnetic resonance imaging is associated with improved surgical outcomes in patients with back dominant painPresentation P17. Abstract 16: Thoracolumbar burst fracture: McCormack load-sharing classification —systematic review and single-arm meta-analysisPresentation P18. Abstract 86: Morphological features of thoracolumbar burst fractures associated with neurologic recovery after thoracolumbar traumatic spinal cord injuryPresentation P19. Abstract 89: Radiographic parameters of listhesis and instability are not associated with health status or clinical outcomes in grade 1 degenerative spondylolisthesisPresentation P20. Abstract 37: Predictive socioeconomic factors following lumbar disk arthroplasty: a Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network (CSORN) studyPresentation P21. Abstract 25: Effect of in situ fusion in lumbar spondylolisthesis on clinical outcomes and spino-pelvic sagittal balancingPresentation P22. Abstract 10: Sex differences in the surgical management of lumbar degenerative disease: a systematic reviewPresentation P23. Abstract 35: Two-year results of lumbar disk arthroplasty: a Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network (CSORN) studyPresentation P24. Abstract 78: Does disc morphology affect the success of nonoperative treatment of chronic sciatica from a lumbar disc herniation?Presentation P25. Abstract 141: Opioid prescribing patterns: preliminary investigationPresentation P26. Abstract 133: Frailty is a better predictor of complications than age alone after surgical treatment of degenerative cervical myelopathy: an ambispective study of 5107 elderly patients from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program databasePresentation P27. Abstract 26: Pathway analysis in spine surgery: a model for evaluating length of stayPresentation P29. Abstract 156: Patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) have different cervical lordosis than the normal populationPresentation P31. Abstract 64: Investigation of thoracic spinal muscle morphology with upright magnetic resonance imagingPresentation P32. Abstract 80: Postoperative complication prediction between spinal surgeons and a machine learning model: a comparative studyPresentation P33. Abstract 81: Is using a simplified procedural classification as accurate as using current procedural terminology codes to predict future complications in spinal surgery?Presentation P34. Abstract 88: Preoperative patient performance status and frailty phenotype as predictive factors of outcome in surgically treated patients with metastatic spinal disease: a systematic literature reviewPresentation P35. Abstract 101: The measurements of frailty and their application to spine surgeryPresentation P36. Abstract 131: The effect of prolonged sitting on muscle reflexes of the low backPresentation P37. Abstract 87: Implementing a rapid discharge pathway for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in Canada

JOURNAL ARTICLE published August 2020 in Canadian Journal of Surgery

Authors: Paul Missiuna | Jesse Shen | Imad Nahle | Jesse Shen | Malik Alanazi | Joost Rutges | Brett Rocos | Firoz Miyanji | Laura Lohkamp | Lionne Grootjen | Laureen Hachem | Sultan Aldebeyan | Masayoshi Machida | Kedar Padhye | Paul Rushton | Thorsten Jentzsch | Thorsten Jentzsch | Stephen Lewis | Peter Passias | Katherine Pierce | Stephen Lewis | Peter Passias | Christopher Nielsen | Andrew Glennie | Eric Crawford | Nicole Schneider | Oliver Ayling | Sean Christie | Ryan Greene | Supriya Singh | Philippe Beauchamp-Chalifour | Phumeena Balasuberamaniam | Supriya Singh | Rosalie Mercure-Cyr | Jamie Wilson | Nathan Evaniew | Allan Martin | Anna Rienmueller | Allan Martin | Mohammed Karim | Allan Martin | Amanda Cheung | Jetan Badhiwala | Lucien Diotalevi | Blessing Jaja | Nader Fallah | Jetan Badhiwala | Abeer Wasim | Neil Manson | Oliver Lasry | Eric Crawford | Avery Brown | Mark A. MacLean | Omar Khan | Jetan Badhiwala | Kaelan Gobeil Odai | Nicolas Bailly | Omar Khan | Nathan Evaniew | Shun Yamamoto | Manmohan Singh | Aidin Kashigar | Amit Persad | Renan Jose Rodrigues Fernandes | Masoud Malakoutian | Christopher Ahuja | Sarah Morris | Sophie Stukas | Tan Chen | Ege Babadagli | Mark Xu | Anick Nater | Colby Oitment | Mohammed Karim | Mina Aziz | Markian Pahuta | Anne Versteeg | Kala Sundararajan | Rob Tanguay | Alexandra Stratton | Duncan Cushnie | Marcia Correale | Ibrahim Sadiq | Jetan Badhiwala | Peter Passias | Jetan Badhiwala | Stuart McGregor | Peter Passias | Jetan Badhiwala | Tan Chen | Supriya Singh | Oliver Ayling | Michael Bond | Anna Rienmueller | Tan Chen | Oliver Lasry | Frank Lyons | Uzair Ahmed | Tom Inglis | Zeina Waheed | Jefferson Wilson | Anick Nater | Markian Pahuta | Geoff Klein | Natasha McKibben | Faizal Kassam | Allison Clement | Andrew Kanawati | Noor Shaikh | Andrew Kanawati | Abdullah Alshammari | Andrew Kanawati | Shun Yamamoto | Kirsty Hamilton | Zachary Huschi | Yu-Ning Peng | Zachary Huschi | Ériko Filgueira | Julien Goulet | Aidin Kashigar | Tan Chen | Shailesh Hadgaonkar | Mark MacLean | Tan Chen | Hui-Ling Kerr | Jenna Meagher | Jamie Wilson | Madison Stevens | Brett Rocos | Anoosha Pai | Stephen Kingwell | Jérémie Thibault | Charles Touchette | Eryck Moskven | Ryan Greene | Zachary DeVries | Mohamed Sarraj | Batool Bosakhar | Patrick Thornley | John Donnellan | Waleed Kishta | Peter Darby | Imad Nahle | Abdulmajeed Alzakri | Marjolaine Roy-Beaudry | Julie Joncas | Isabelle Turgeon | Stefan Parent | Jesse Shen | Abdulmajeed Alzakri | Marjolaine Roy-Beaudry | Julie Joncas | Isabelle Turgeon | Stefan Parent | Nathalie Samson | Jérôme Lamontagne-Proulx | Denis Soulet | Yves Tremblay | Jean-Paul Praud | Stefan Parent | Stephan Parent | Doug Gross | Jeroen Renkens | Thomas Schlösser | Agnita Stadhouder | Michael Kruyt | Adriaan Mostert | Jin Tee | Luuk de Klerk | Marinus De Kleuver | René Castelein | Reihard Zeller | Stephen Lewis | Tony Tan | David Lebel | Paul Rushton | Maty Petcharaporn | Amer Samdani | Peter Newton | Michelle Marks | James Drake | Peter Dirks | James Rutka | Abhaya Kulkarni | George Ibrahim | Michael Taylor | Michael Dewan | Reinhard Zeller | Stephany Donze | Léonie Damen | Joost Rutges | Anita Hokken-Koelega | Francois Mathieu | Maria Lamberti-Pasculi | Brian Hanak | Reinhard Zeller | Abhaya Kulkarni | James Drake | George Ibrahim | Paul Rushton | Ravi Ghag | Firoz Miyanji | Reinhard Zeller | Stephen Lewis | David Lebel | Alejandro Peiro-Garcia | Brent Benavides | David Parsons | Fabio Ferri-de-Barros | Sultan Aldebeyan | Ravi Ghag | Firoz Miyanji | Lucas Kutschke | Christoph Laux | Method Kabelitz | Regula Schüpbach | Thomas Böni | Mazda Farshad | Christopher Nielsen | Stephen Lewis | Lawrence Lenke | Christopher Shaffrey | Kenneth Cheung | Sigurd Berven | Yong Qiu | Yukihiro Matsuyama | Ferran Pellisé-Urquiza | David Polly | Jonathan Sembrano | Benny Dahl | Michael Kelly | Marinus de Kleuver | Maarten Spruit | Ahmet Alanay | Haddy Alas | Han Jo Kim | Renaud Lafage | Alex Soroceanu | Aaron Hockley | Christopher Ames | Eric Klineberg | Douglas Burton | Bassel Diebo | Shay Bess | Breton Line | Christopher Shaffrey | Justin Smith | Frank Schwab | Virginie Lafage | Peter Passias | Renaud Lafage | Alex Soroceanu | Aaron Hockley | Breton Line | Eric Klineberg | Shay Bess | Themistocles Protopsaltis | Christopher Shaffrey | Frank Schwab | Justin Scheer | Justin Smith | Virginie Lafage | Christopher Ames | Lawrence Lenke | Christopher Shaffrey | Kenneth Cheung | Sigurd Berven | Yong Qiu | Yukihiro Matsuyama | Ferran Pellisé-Urquiza | David Polly | Jonathan Sembrano | Benny Dahl | Michael Kelly | Marinus de Kleuver | Maarten Spruit | Ahmet Alanay | Cole Bortz | Katherine Pierce | Haddy Alas | Avery Brown | Alex Soroceanu | Aaron Hockley | Shaleen Vira | Waleed Ahmad | Sara Naessig | Bassel Diebo | Tina Raman | Themistocles Protopsaltis | Aaron Buckland | Michael Gerling | Renaud Lafage | Virginie Lafage | Stephen Lewis | Lawrence Lenke | Christopher Shaffrey | Kenneth Cheung | Sigurd Berven | Yong Qiu | Yukihiro Matsuyama | Ferran Pellisé-Urquiza | David Polly | Jonathan Sembrano | Benny Dahl | Michael Kelly | Marinus de Kleuver | Maarten Spruit | Ahmet Alanay | Chris Bailey | Raj Rampersaud | Charles Fisher | Tan Chen | Greg McIntosh | Raja Rampersaud | Mohammed Karim | Jennifer Urquhart | Charles Fisher | John Street | Marcel Dvorak | Scott Paquette | Raphaele Charest-Morin | Tamir Ailon | Andrew Glennie | Neil Manson | Raja Rampersaud | Ken Thomas | Parham Rasoulinejad | Chris Bailey | Tamir Ailon | Charles Fisher | Ryan Greene | Andrew Glennie | Dakota Duquette | Dylan LeBlanc | Brian Martell | Matthias Schmidt | Sean Christie | Dan Banaszek Titus Wong | Christian Di Paola | Tamir Ailon | Raphaele Charest-Morin | Nicolas Dea | Marcel Dvorak | Charles Fisher | Brian Kwon | Scott Paquette | John Street | John Street | Alana Flexman | Raphaele Charest-Morin | Abeer Wasim | Carolyn Schwartz | Roland Stark | Mopina Shrikumar | Joel Finkelstein | Alexandra Gara | Dan Banaszek | Titus Wong | Tamir Ailon | Elizabeth Bryce | Raphaele Charest-Morin | Nicolas Dea | Marcel Dvorak | Charles Fisher | Brian Kwon | Scott Paquette | John Street | Amit Persad | Michael Spiess | Adam Wu | Allan Woo | Luke Hnenny | Daryl Fourney | Hetshree Joshi | Omar Khan | Jetan Badhiwala | Raja Rampersaud | Stephen Lewis | Eric Massicotte | Michael Fehlings | David Cadotte | Christopher Bailey | Sean Christie | Nicolas Dea | Charles Fisher | Jerome Paquet | Alexandra Soroceanu | Kenneth C. Thomas | Y. Raja Rampersaud | Jefferson Wilson | Neil Manson | Michael Johnson | Hamilton Hall | Greg McIntosh | Bradley Jacobs | Sukhvinder Kalsi-Ryan | Muhammad Ali Akbar | Jetan Badhiwala | Jefferson Wilson | Lindsay Tetreault | Aria Nouri | Anna Rienmuller | Eric Massicotte | Michael Fehlings | Sukhvinder Kalsi-Ryan | Lauren Riehm | Allan Martin | Jetan Badhiwala | Muhammad Akbar | Eric Massicotte | Michael Fehlings | Sukhvinder Kalsi-Ryan | Muhammad Ali Akbar | Jetan Badhiwala | Jefferson Wilson | Lindsay Tetreault | Aria Nouri | Anna Rienmuller | Eric Massicotte | Michael Fehlings | Bradley Jacobs | Michael Johnson | Christopher Bailey | Sean Christie | Jérôme Paquet | Andrew Nataraj | David Cadotte | Jeffrey Wilson | Neil Manson | Hamilton Hall | Ken Thomas | Raja Rampersaud | Greg McIntosh | Charles Fisher | Nicolas Dea | Jamie Wilson | Thorsten Jentzsch | Fan Jiang | Jetan Badhiwala | Ali Moghaddamjou | Muhammad Ali Akbar | Anick Nater | Anna Rienmuller | Mario Ganau | Eric Massicotte | Michael Fehlings | Lorna Tu | Neda Manouchehri | Kyoung-Tae Kim | Kitty So | Megan Webster | Shera Fisk | Seth Tigchelaar | Sara Dalkilic | Eric Sayre | Femke Streijger | Andrew Macnab | Brian Kwon | Babak Shadgan | Jefferson Wilson | Michael Fehlings | Nicolas Bailly | Eric Wagnac | Jean-Marc Mac-Thiong | Julien Goulet | Yvan Petit | Jetan Badhiwala | Robert Grossman | Fred Geisler | Michael Fehlings | Jefferson Wilson | Carly Rivers | Brian Kwon | Zeina Waheed | Jerome Buenaventura | Suzanne Humphreys | Vanessa Noonan | Nathan Evaniew | Marcel Dvorak | Jefferson Wilson | Michael Fehlings | Mopina Shrikumar | Phumeena Balasuberamaniam | Bruce Rapkin | Carolyn Schwartz | Roland Stark | Joel Finkelstein | Erin Bigney | Mariah Darling | Eden Richardson | Dana El-Mughayyar | Edward Abraham | John Street | Lenny Radomski | Raja Rampersaud | Katherine Pierce | Cole Bortz | Haddy Alas | Sara Naessig | Waleed Ahmad | Shaleen Vira | Bassel Diebo | Daniel Sciubba | Hamid Hassanzadeh | Aaron Hockley | Alex Soroceanu | Themistocles Protopsaltis | Aaron Buckland | Peter Passias | Ryan Greene | Sean D. Christie | Jetan Badhiwala | Michael Fehlings | Christopher Witiw | Jefferson Wilson | Michael Fehlings | Hamid Nessek | Eugene Wai | Philippe Phan | Lucien Diotalevi | Marie-Hélène Beauséjour | Eric Wagnac | Jean-Marc Mac-Thiong | Yvan Petit | Jetan Badhiwala | Michael Fehlings | Shahriar Mazlouman | Emilie Belley-Côté | Bradley Jacobs | Brian Kwon | Masoud Malakoutian | Marine Theret | John Street | Stephen Brown | Fabio Rossi | Thomas Oxland | Pankaj Singh | Sarat Chandra | Joseph Laratta | Leah Carreon | Erica Bisson | Zoher Ghogawala | Andrew Yew | Tino Mkorombindo | Praveen Mummaneni | Steven Glassman | Michael Kindrachuk | Luke Hnenny | Adam Wu | Jonathan Norton | Daryl Fourney | Aaron Gee | Hui-Ling Kerr | Andrew Kanawati | Radovan Zdero | Kevin Gurr | Christopher Bailey | Parham Rasoulinejad | Shun Yamamoto | Sandeep Sadaram | Jason Speidel | Jie Liu | John Street | Stephen Brown | Thomas Oxland | Mohamed Khazaei | Inaara Walji | Maryam Dadabhoy | Nitya Gulati | Niharikaa Aiyar | Sophie Ostmeier | Ali Hasan | Vjura Senthilnathan | Nayaab Punjani | Yao Yao | Suyue Yue | Gokce Ozdemir | Zijian Lou | William Luong | Alex Post | Amirali Tootsi | Priscilla Chan | Michael Fehlings | Andrew Yung | Shana George | Valentin Prevost | Andrew Bauman | Piotr Kozlowski | Farah Samadi | Caron Fournier | Lisa Parker | Kevin Dong | Femke Streijger | Wayne Moore | Cornelia Laule | Brian Kwon | Jasmine Gill | Jennifer Cooper | Kevin Dong | Femke Streijger | John Street | Scott Paquette | Tamir Ailon | Raphaele Charest-Morin | Charles Fisher | Marcel Dvorak | Sanjay Dhall | Jean-Marc Mac-Thiong | Stefan Parent | Christopher Bailey | Sean Christie | Cheryl Wellington | Brian Kwon | Eric Crawford | Yukun Zhang | Michael Hardisty | Joel Finkelstein | Nelofar Kureshi | Lisa Julien | Raza Abidi | Sean Christie | Sara Parashin | Trevor Gascoyne | Michael Goytan | Junior Chuang | Kuan Liu | Nasir Quraishi | Dritan Pasku | Jefferson Wilson | Michael Fehlings | Anthony Bozzo | Anna 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Special Issue No. – 10, June, 2020 Journal > Special Issue > Special Issue No. – 10, June, 2020 > Page 5 “Quantative Methods in Modern Science” organized by Academic Paper Ltd, Russia MORPHOLOGICAL AND ANATOMICAL FEATURES OF THE GENUS GAGEA SALISB., GROWING IN THE EAST KAZAKHSTAN REGION Authors: Zhamal T. Igissinova,Almash A. Kitapbayeva,Anargul S. Sharipkhanova,Alexander L. Vorobyev,Svetlana F. Kolosova,Zhanat K. Idrisheva, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00041 Abstract: Due to ecological preferences among species of the genus GageaSalisb, many plants are qualified as rare and/or endangered. Therefore, the problem of rational use of natural resources, in particular protection of early spring plant species is very important. However, literary sources analysis only reveals data on the biology of species of this genus. The present research,conducted in the spring of 2017-2019, focuses on anatomical and morphological features of two Altai species: Gagealutea and Gagea minima; these features were studied, clarified and confirmed by drawings and photographs. The anatomical structure of the stem and leaf blade was studied in detail. The obtained research results will prove useful for studies of medicinal raw materials and honey plants. The aforementioned species are similar in morphological features, yet G. minima issmaller in size, and its shoots appear earlier than those of other species Keywords: Flora,gageas,Altai species,vegetative organs., Refference: I. Atlas of areas and resources of medicinal plants of Kazakhstan.Almaty, 2008. II. Baitenov M.S. Flora of Kazakhstan.Almaty: Ġylym, 2001. III. DanilevichV. G. ThegenusGageaSalisb. of WesternTienShan. PhD Thesis, St. Petersburg,1996. IV. EgeubaevaR.A., GemedzhievaN.G. The current state of stocks of medicinal plants in some mountain ecosystems of Kazakhstan.Proceedings of the international scientific conference ‘”Results and prospects for the development of botanical science in Kazakhstan’, 2002. V. Kotukhov Yu.A. New species of the genus Gagea (Liliaceae) from Southern Altai. Bot. Journal.1989;74(11). VI. KotukhovYu.A. ListofvascularplantsofKazakhstanAltai. Botan. Researches ofSiberiaandKazakhstan.2005;11. VII. KotukhovYu. The current state of populations of rare and endangered plants in Eastern Kazakhstan. Almaty: AST, 2009. VIII. Kotukhov Yu.A., DanilovaA.N., AnufrievaO.A. Synopsisoftheonions (AlliumL.) oftheKazakhstanAltai, Sauro-ManrakandtheZaisandepression. BotanicalstudiesofSiberiaandKazakhstan. 2011;17: 3-33. IX. Kotukhov, Yu.A., Baytulin, I.O. Rareandendangered, endemicandrelictelementsofthefloraofKazakhstanAltai. MaterialsoftheIntern. scientific-practical. conf. ‘Sustainablemanagementofprotectedareas’.Almaty: Ridder, 2010. X. Krasnoborov I.M. et al. The determinant of plants of the Republic of Altai. Novosibirsk: SB RAS, 2012. XI. Levichev I.G. On the species status of Gagea Rubicunda. Botanical Journal.1997;6:71-76. XII. Levichev I.G. A new species of the genus Gagea (Liliaceae). Botanical Journal. 2000;7: 186-189. XIII. Levichev I.G., Jangb Chang-gee, Seung Hwan Ohc, Lazkovd G.A.A new species of genus GageaSalisb.(Liliaceae) from Kyrgyz Republic (Western Tian Shan, Chatkal Range, Sary-Chelek Nature Reserve). Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity.2019; 12: 341-343. XIV. Peterson A., Levichev I.G., Peterson J. Systematics of Gagea and Lloydia (Liliaceae) and infrageneric classification of Gagea based on molecular and morphological data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution.2008; 46. XV. Peruzzi L., Peterson A., Tison J.-M., Peterson J. Phylogenetic relationships of GageaSalisb.(Liliaceae) in Italy, inferred from molecular and morphological data matrices. Plant Systematics and Evolution; 2008: 276. XVI. Rib R.D. Honey plants of Kazakhstan. Advertising Digest, 2013. XVII. Scherbakova L.I., Shirshikova N.A. Flora of medicinal plants in the vicinity of Ust-Kamenogorsk. Collection of materials of the scientific-practical conference ‘Unity of Education, Science and Innovation’. Ust-Kamenogorsk: EKSU, 2011. XVIII. syganovA.P. PrimrosesofEastKazakhstan. Ust-Kamenogorsk: EKSU, 2001. XIX. Tsyganov A.P. Flora and vegetation of the South Altai Tarbagatay. Berlin: LAP LAMBERT,2014. XX. Utyasheva, T.R., Berezovikov, N.N., Zinchenko, Yu.K. ProceedingsoftheMarkakolskStateNatureReserve. Ust-Kamenogorsk, 2009. XXI. Xinqi C, Turland NJ. Gagea. Flora of China.2000;24: 117-121. XXII. Zarrei M., Zarre S., Wilkin P., Rix E.M. Systematic revision of the genus GageaSalisb. (Liliaceae) in Iran.BotJourn Linn Soc.2007;154. XXIII. Zarrei M., Wilkin P., Ingroille M.J., Chase M.W. A revised infrageneric classification for GageaSalisb. (Tulipeae; Liliaceae): insights from DNA sequence and morphological data.Phytotaxa.2011:5. View | Download INFLUENCE OF SUCCESSION CROPPING ON ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF NO-TILL CROP ROTATIONS Authors: Victor K. Dridiger,Roman S. Stukalov,Rasul G. Gadzhiumarov,Anastasiya A. Voropaeva,Viktoriay A. Kolomytseva, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00042 Abstract: This study was aimed at examining the influence of succession cropping on the economic efficiency of no-till field crop rotations on the black earth in the zone of unstable moistening of the Stavropol krai. A long-term stationary experiment was conducted to examine for the purpose nine field crop rotation patterns different in the number of fields (four to six), set of crops, and their succession in crop rotation. The respective shares of legumes, oilseeds, and cereals in the cropping pattern were 17 to 33, 17 to 40, and 50 to 67 %. It has been established that in case of no-till field crop cultivation the economic efficiency of plant production depends on the set of crops and their succession in rotation. The most economically efficient type of crop rotation is the soya-winter wheat-peas-winter wheat-sunflower-corn six-field rotation with two fields of legumes: in this rotation 1 ha of crop rotation area yields 3 850 grain units per ha at a grain unit prime cost of 5.46 roubles; the plant production output return and profitability were 20,888 roubles per ha and 113 %, respectively. The high production profitabilities provided by the soya-winter wheat-sunflower four-field and the soya-winter-wheat-sunflower-corn-winter wheat five-field crop rotation are 108.7 and 106.2 %, respectively. The inclusion of winter wheat in crop rotation for two years in a row reduces the second winter wheat crop yield by 80 to 100 %, which means a certain reduction in the grain unit harvesting rate to 3.48-3.57 thousands per ha of rotation area and cuts the production profitability down to 84.4-92.3 %. This is why, no-till cropping should not include winter wheat for a second time Keywords: No-till technology,crop rotation,predecessor,yield,return,profitability, Refference: I Badakhova G. Kh. and Knutas A. V., Stavropol Krai: Modern Climate Conditions [Stavropol’skiykray: sovremennyyeklimaticheskiyeusloviya]. Stavropol: SUE Krai Communication Networks, 2007. II Cherkasov G. N. and Akimenko A. S. Scientific Basis of Modernization of Crop Rotations and Formation of Their Systems according to the Specializations of Farms in the Central Chernozem Region [Osnovy moderniz atsiisevooborotoviformirovaniyaikh sistem v sootvetstvii so spetsi-alizatsiyeykhozyaystvTsentral’nogoChernozem’ya]. Zemledelie. 2017; 4: 3-5. III Decree 330 of July 6, 2017 the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia “On Approving Coefficients of Converting to Agricultural Crops to Grain Units [Ob utverzhdeniikoeffitsiyentovperevoda v zernovyyee dinitsysel’s kokhozyaystvennykhkul’tur]. IV Dridiger V. K., About Methods of Research of No-Till Technology [O metodikeissledovaniytekhnologii No-till]//Achievements of Science and Technology of AIC (Dostizheniyanaukiitekhniki APK). 2016; 30 (4): 30-32. V Dridiger V. K. and Gadzhiumarov R. G. Growth, Development, and Productivity of Soya Beans Cultivated On No-Till Technology in the Zone of Unstable Moistening of Stavropol Region [Rost, razvitiyeiproduktivnost’ soiprivozdelyvaniipotekhnologii No-till v zone ne-ustoychivog ouvlazhneniyaStavropol’skogokraya]//Oil Crops RTBVNIIMK (Maslichnyyekul’turyNTBVNIIMK). 2018; 3 (175): 52–57. VI Dridiger V. K., Godunova E. I., Eroshenko F. V., Stukalov R. S., Gadzhiumarov, R. G., Effekt of No-till Technology on erosion resistance, the population of earthworms and humus content in soil (Vliyaniyetekhnologii No-till naprotivoerozionnuyuustoychivost’, populyatsiyudozhdevykhcherveyisoderzhaniyegumusa v pochve)//Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences. 2018; 9 (2): 766-770. VII Karabutov A. P., Solovichenko V. D., Nikitin V. V. et al., Reproduction of Soil Fertility, Productivity and Energy Efficiency of Crop Rotations [Vosproizvodstvoplodorodiyapochv, produktivnost’ ienergeticheskayaeffektivnost’ sevooborotov]. Zemledelie. 2019; 2: 3-7. VIII Kulintsev V. V., Dridiger V. K., Godunova E. I., Kovtun V. I., Zhukova M. P., Effekt of No-till Technology on The Available Moisture Content and Soil Density in The Crop Rotation [Vliyaniyetekhnologii No-till nasoderzhaniyedostupnoyvlagiiplotnost’ pochvy v sevoob-orote]// Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences. 2017; 8 (6): 795-99. IX Kulintsev V. V., Godunova E. I., Zhelnakova L. I. et al., Next-Gen Agriculture System for Stavropol Krai: Monograph [SistemazemledeliyanovogopokoleniyaStavropol’skogokraya: Monogtafiya]. Stavropol: AGRUS Publishers, Stavropol State Agrarian University, 2013. X Lessiter Frank, 29 reasons why many growers are harvesting higher no-till yields in their fields than some university scientists find in research plots//No-till Farmer. 2015; 44 (2): 8. XI Rodionova O. A. Reproduction and Exchange-Distributive Relations in Farming Entities [Vosproizvodstvoiobmenno-raspredelitel’nyyeotnosheniya v sel’skokhozyaystvennykhorganizatsiyakh]//Economy, Labour, and Control in Agriculture (Ekonomika, trud, upravleniye v sel’skomkhozyaystve). 2010; 1 (2): 24-27. XII Sandu I. S., Svobodin V. A., Nechaev V. I., Kosolapova M. V., and Fedorenko V. F., Agricultural Production Efficiency: Recommended Practices [Effektivnost’ sel’skokhozyaystvennogoproizvodstva (metodicheskiyerekomendatsii)]. Moscow: Rosinforagrotech, 2013. XIII Sotchenko V. S. Modern Corn Cultivation Technologies [Sovremennayatekhnologiyavozdelyvaniya]. Moscow: Rosagrokhim, 2009. View | Download DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF AUTONOMOUS PORTABLE SEISMOMETER DESIGNED FOR USE AT ULTRALOW TEMPERATURES IN ARCTIC ENVIRONMENT Authors: Mikhail A. Abaturov,Yuriy V. Sirotinskiy, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00043 Abstract: This paper is concerned with solving one of the issues of the general problem of designing geophysical equipment for the natural climatic environment of the Arctic. The relevance of the topic has to do with an increased global interest in this region. The paper is aimed at considering the basic principles of developing and the procedure of testing seismic instruments for use at ultralow climatic temperatures. In this paper the indicated issue is considered through the example of a seismic module designed for petroleum and gas exploration by passive seismoacoustic methods. The seismic module is a direct-burial portable unit of around 5 kg in weight, designed to continuously measure and record microseismic triaxial orthogonal (ZNE) noise in a range from 0.1 to 45 Hz during several days in autonomous mode. The functional chart of designing the seismic module was considered, and concrete conclusions were made for choosing the necessary components to meet the ultralow-temperature operational requirements. The conclusions made served for developing appropriate seismic module. In this case, the components and tools used included a SAFT MP 176065 xc low-temperature lithium cell, industrial-spec electronic component parts, a Zhaofeng Geophysical ZF-4.5 Chinese primary electrodynamic seismic sensor, housing seal parts made of frost-resistant silicone materials, and finely dispersed silica gel used as water-retaining sorbent to avoid condensation in the housing. The paper also describes a procedure of low-temperature collation tests at the lab using a New Brunswick Scientific freezing plant. The test results proved the operability of the developed equipment at ultralow temperatures down to -55°C. In addition, tests were conducted at low microseismic noises in the actual Arctic environment. The possibility to detect signals in a range from 1 to 10 Hz at the level close to the NLNM limit (the Peterson model) has been confirmed, which allows monitoring and exploring petroleum and gas deposits by passive methods. As revealed by this study, the suggested approaches are efficient in developing high-precision mobile seismic instruments for use at ultralow climatic temperatures. The solution of the considered instrumentation and methodical issues is of great practical significance as a constituent of the generic problem of Arctic exploration. Keywords: Seismic instrumentation,microseismic monitoring,Peterson model,geological exploration,temperature ratings,cooling test, Refference: I. AD797: Ultralow Distortion, Ultralow Noise Op Amp, Analog Devices, Inc., Data Sheet (Rev. K). Analog Devices, Inc. URL: https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/AD797.pdf(Date of access September 2, 2019). II. Agafonov, V. M., Egorov, I. V., and Shabalina, A. S. Operating Principles and Technical Characteristics of a Small-Sized Molecular–Electronic Seismic Sensor with Negative Feedback [Printsipyraboty I tekhnicheskiyekharakteristikimalogabaritnogomolekulyarno-elektronnogoseysmodatchika s otritsatel’noyobratnoysvyaz’yu]. SeysmicheskiyePribory (Seismic Instruments). 2014; 50 (1): 1–8. DOI: 10.3103/S0747923914010022. III. Antonovskaya, G., Konechnaya, Ya.,Kremenetskaya, E., Asming, V., Kvaema, T., Schweitzer, J., Ringdal, F. Enhanced Earthquake Monitoring in the European Arctic. Polar Science. 2015; 1 (9): 158-167. IV. Anthony, R. E., Aster, R. C., Wiens, D., Nyblade, Andr., Anandakrishnan, Sr., Huerta, Audr., Winberry, J. P., Wilson, T., and Rowe, Ch. The Seismic Noise Environment of Antarctica. Seismological Research Letters. 2015; 86(1): 89-100. DOI: 10.1785/0220150005 V. Brincker, R., Lago, T. L., Andersen, P., and Ventura, C. Improving the Classical Geophone Sensor Element by Digital Correction. In Conference Proceedings: IMAC-XXIII: A Conference & Exposition on Structural Dynamics Society for Experimental Mechanics, 2005. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242452637_Improving_the_Classical_Geophone_Sensor_Element_by_Digital_Correction(Date of access September 2, 2019). VI. Bylaw 164 of the State Committee for Construction of the Russian Federation “On adopting amendments to SNiP 31-01-99 “Construction climatology”. URL: https://base.garant.ru/2322381/(Date of access September 2, 2019). VII. Chao Xu, Junbo Wang, Deyong Chen, Jian Chen, Bowen Liu, Wenjie Qi, XichenZheng, Hua Wei, Guoqing Zhang. The Electrochemical Seismometer Based on a Novel Designed.Sensing Electrode for Undersea Exploration. 20th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems &Eurosensors XXXIII (TRANSDUCERS &EUROSENSORS XXXIII). IEEE, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/TRANSDUCERS.2019.8808450. VIII. Chebotareva, I. Ya. New algorithms of emission tomography for passive seismic monitoring of a producing hydrocarbon deposit: Part I. Algorithms of processing and numerical simulation [Novyye algoritmyemissionnoyto mografiidlyapassivnogoseysmicheskogomonitoringarazrabatyvayemykhmestorozhdeniyuglevodorodov. Chast’ I: Algoritmyobrabotki I chislennoyemodelirovaniye]. FizikaZemli. 2010; 46(3):187-98. DOI: 10.1134/S106935131003002X IX. Danilov, A. V. and Konechnaya, Ya. V. Analytical comparison of seismic instruments for stationary surveys in the Arctic [Sravnitel’nyyanalizseysmicheskoyapparaturydlyastatsionarnykhnablyudeniy v Arktike]. DSYS. URL: https://dsys.ru/upload/id254_docPDF_FranzJosefLand.pdf(Date of access September 2, 2019). X. Dew point temperature calculator. Maple Tech. International LLC. URL: https://www.calculator.net/dew-point-calculator.html?airtemperature=20&airtemperatureunit=celsius&humidity=0.34&dewpoint=&dewpointunit=celsius&x=51&y=14(Date of access September 2, 2019). XI. Frolov, A. S. Matching of wave fields recorded by different geophysical receivers [Soglasovaniyevolnovykhpoley, poluchennykh s primeneniyemrazlichnoyregistriruyushcheyapparatury]. Abstracts IX International scientific and technical conference competition of young specialists “Geophysics-2013”. Saint-Petersburg: Gubkin University, 2013. 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View | Download COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RESULTS OF TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH FOOT PATHOLOGY WHO UNDERWENT WEIL OPEN OSTEOTOMY BY CLASSICAL METHOD AND WITHOUT STEOSYNTHESIS Authors: Yuriy V. Lartsev,Dmitrii A. Rasputin,Sergey D. Zuev-Ratnikov,Pavel V.Ryzhov,Dmitry S. Kudashev,Anton A. Bogdanov, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00044 Abstract: The article considers the problem of surgical correction of the second metatarsal bone length. The article analyzes the results of treatment of patients with excess length of the second metatarsal bones that underwent osteotomy with and without osteosynthesis. The results of treatment of patients who underwent metatarsal shortening due to classical Weil-osteotomy with and without osteosynthesis were analyzed. The first group consisted of 34 patients. They underwent classical Weil osteotomy. The second group included 44 patients in whomosteotomy of the second metatarsal bone were not by the screw. When studying the results of the treatment in the immediate postoperative period, weeks 6, 12, slightly better results were observed in patients of the first group, while one year after surgical treatment the results in both groups were comparable. One year after surgical treatment, there were 2.9% (1 patient) of unsatisfactory results in the first group and 4.5% (2 patients) in the second group. Considering the comparability of the results of treatment in remote postoperative period, the choice of concrete method remains with the operating surgeon. Keywords: Flat feet,hallux valgus,corrective osteotomy,metatarsal bones, Refference: I. A novel modification of the Stainsby procedure: surgical technique and clinical outcome [Text] / E. Concannon, R. MacNiocaill, R. Flavin [et al.] // Foot Ankle Surg. – 2014. – Dec., Vol. 20(4). – P. 262–267. II. Accurate determination of relative metatarsal protrusion with a small intermetatarsal angle: a novel simplified method [Text] / L. Osher, M.M. Blazer, S. Buck [et al.] // J. Foot Ankle Surg. – 2014. – Sep.-Oct., Vol. 53(5). – P. 548–556. III. Argerakis, N.G. The radiographic effects of the scarf bunionectomy on rearfoot alignment [Text] / N.G. Argerakis, L.Jr. Weil, L.S. Sr. Weil // Foot Ankle Spec. – 2015. – Apr., Vol. 8(2). – P. 89–94. IV. Bauer, T. Percutaneous forefoot surgery [Text] / T. Bauer // Orthop. Traumatol. Surg. Res. – 2014. – Feb., Vol. 100(1 Suppl.). – P. S191–S204. V. Biomechanical Evaluation of Custom Foot Orthoses for Hallux Valgus Deformity [Text] // J. Foot Ankle Surg. – 2015. – Sep.-Oct., Vol.54(5). – P. 852–855. VI. Chopra, S. Characterization of gait in female patients with moderate to severe hallux valgus deformity [Text] / S. Chopra, K. Moerenhout, X. Crevoisier // Clin. Biomech. (Bristol, Avon). – 2015. – Jul., Vol. 30(6). – P. 629–635. VII. Computer assisted planning and custom-made surgical guide for malunited pronation deformity after first metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis in rheumatoid arthritis: a case report [Text] / M. Hirao, S. Ikemoto, H. Tsuboi [et al.] // Comput. Aided Surg. – 2014. – Vol. 19(1-3). – P. 13–19. VIII. Correlation between static radiographic measurements and intersegmental angular measurements during gait using a multisegment foot model [Text] / D.Y. Lee, S.G. Seo, E.J. Kim [et al.] // Foot Ankle Int. – 2015. – Jan., Vol.36(1). – P. 1–10. IX. Correlative study between length of first metatarsal and transfer metatarsalgia after osteotomy of first metatarsal [Text]: [Article in Chinese] / F.Q. Zhang, B.Y. Pei, S.T. Wei [et al.] // Zhonghua Yi XueZaZhi. – 2013. – Nov. 19, Vol. 93(43). – P. 3441–3444. X. Dave, M.H. Forefoot Deformity in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Comparison of Shod and Unshod Populations [Text] / M.H. Dave, L.W. Mason, K. Hariharan // Foot Ankle Spec. – 2015. – Oct., Vol. 8(5). – P. 378–383. XI. Does arthrodesis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint correct the intermetatarsal M1M2 angle? Analysis of a continuous series of 208 arthrodeses fixed with plates [Text] / F. Dalat, F. Cottalorda, M.H. Fessy [et al.] // Orthop. Traumatol. Surg. Res. – 2015. – Oct., Vol. 101(6). – P. 709–714. XII. Dynamic plantar pressure distribution after percutaneous hallux valgus correction using the Reverdin-Isham osteotomy [Text]: [Article in Spanish] / G. Rodríguez-Reyes, E. López-Gavito, A.I. Pérez-Sanpablo [et al.] // Rev. Invest. Clin. – 2014. – Jul., Vol. 66, Suppl. 1. – P. S79-S84. XIII. Efficacy of Bilateral Simultaneous Hallux Valgus Correction Compared to Unilateral [Text] / A.V. Boychenko, L.N. Solomin, S.G. Parfeyev [et al.] // Foot Ankle Int. – 2015. – Nov., Vol. 36(11). – P. 1339–1343. XIV. Endolog technique for correction of hallux valgus: a prospective study of 30 patients with 4-year follow-up [Text] / C. Biz, M. Corradin, I. Petretta [et al.] // J. OrthopSurg Res. – 2015. – Jul. 2, № 10. – P. 102. XV. First metatarsal proximal opening wedge osteotomy for correction of hallux valgus deformity: comparison of straight versus oblique osteotomy [Text] / S.H. Han, E.H. Park, J. Jo [et al.] // Yonsei Med. J. – 2015. – May, Vol. 56(3). – P. 744–752. XVI. Long-term outcome of joint-preserving surgery by combination metatarsal osteotomies for shortening for forefoot deformity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis [Text] / H. Niki, T. Hirano, Y. Akiyama [et al.] // Mod. Rheumatol. – 2015. – Sep., Vol. 25(5). – P. 683–638. XVII. Maceira, E. Transfer metatarsalgia post hallux valgus surgery [Text] / E. Maceira, M. Monteagudo // Foot Ankle Clin. – 2014. – Jun., Vol. 19(2). – P.285–307. XVIII. Nielson, D.L. Absorbable fixation in forefoot surgery: a viable alternative to metallic hardware [Text] / D.L. Nielson, N.J. Young, C.M. Zelen // Clin. Podiatr. Med. Surg. – 2013. – Jul., Vol. 30(3). – P. 283–293 XIX. Patient’s satisfaction after outpatient forefoot surgery: Study of 619 cases [Text] / A. Mouton, V. Le Strat, D. Medevielle [et al.] // Orthop. Traumatol. Surg. Res. – 2015. – Oct., Vol. 101(6 Suppl.). – P. S217–S220. XX. Preference of surgical procedure for the forefoot deformity in the rheumatoid arthritis patients–A prospective, randomized, internal controlled study [Text] / M. Tada, T. Koike, T. Okano [et al.] // Mod. Rheumatol. – 2015. – May., Vol. 25(3). – P.362–366. XXI. Redfern, D. Percutaneous Surgery of the Forefoot [Text] / D. Redfern, J. Vernois, B.P. Legré // Clin. Podiatr. Med. Surg. – 2015. – Jul., Vol. 32(3). – P. 291–332. XXII. Singh, D. Bullous pemphigoid after bilateral forefoot surgery [Text] / D. Singh, A. Swann // Foot Ankle Spec. – 2015. – Feb., Vol. 8(1). – P. 68–72. XXIII. Treatment of moderate hallux valgus by percutaneous, extra-articular reverse-L Chevron (PERC) osteotomy [Text] / J. Lucas y Hernandez, P. Golanó, S. Roshan-Zamir [et al.] // Bone Joint J. – 2016. – Mar., Vol. 98-B(3). – P. 365–373. XXIV. Weil, L.Jr. Scarf osteotomy for correction of hallux abducto valgus deformity [Text] / L.Jr. Weil, M. Bowen // Clin. Podiatr. Med. Surg. – 2014. – Apr., Vol.31(2). – P. 233–246. View | Download QUANTITATIVE ULTRASONOGRAPHY OF THE STOMACH AND SMALL INTESTINE IN HEALTHYDOGS Authors: Roman A. Tcygansky,Irina I. Nekrasova,Angelina N. Shulunova,Alexander I.Sidelnikov, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00045 Abstract: Purpose.To determine the quantitative echogenicity indicators (and their ratio) of the layers of stomach and small intestine wall in healthy dogs. Methods. A prospective 3-year study of 86 healthy dogs (aged 1-7 yrs) of different breeds and of both sexes. Echo homogeneity and echogenicity of the stomach and intestines wall were determined by the method of Silina, T.L., et al. (2010) in absolute values ​​of average brightness levels of ultrasound image pixels using the 8-bit scale with 256 shades of gray. Results. Quantitative echogenicity indicators of the stomach and the small intestine wall in dogs were determined. Based on the numerical values ​​characterizing echogenicity distribution in each layer of a separate structure of the digestive system, the coefficient of gastric echogenicity is determined as 1:2.4:1.1 (mucosa/submucosa/muscle layers, respectively), the coefficient of duodenum and jejunum echogenicity is determined as 1:3.5:2 and that of ileum is 1:1.8:1. Clinical significance. The echogenicity coefficient of the wall of the digestive system allows an objective assessment of the stomach and intestines wall and can serve as the basis for a quantitative assessment of echogenicity changes for various pathologies of the digestive system Keywords: Ultrasound (US),echogenicity,echogenicity coefficient,digestive system,dogs,stomach,intestines, Refference: I. Agut, A. Ultrasound examination of the small intestine in small animals // Veterinary focus. 2009.Vol. 19. No. 1. P. 20-29. II. Bull. 4.RF patent 2398513, IPC51A61B8 / 00 A61B8 / 14 (2006.01) A method for determining the homoechogeneity and the degree of echogenicity of an ultrasound image / T. Silina, S. S. Golubkov. – No. 2008149311/14; declared 12/16/2008; publ. 09/10/2010 III. Choi, M., Seo, M., Jung, J., Lee, K., Yoon, J., Chang, D., Park, RD. Evaluation of canine gastric motility with ultrasonography // J. of Veterinary Medical Science. – 2002. Vol. 64. – № 1. – P. 17-21. IV. Delaney, F., O’Brien, R.T., Waller, K.Ultrasound evaluation of small bowel thickness compared to weight in normal dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2003 Vol. 44, № 5. Р 577-580. V. Diana, A., Specchi, S., Toaldo, M.B., Chiocchetti, R., Laghi, A., Cipone, M. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography of the small bowel in healthy cats // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. – 2011. – Vol. 52, № 5. – Р. 555-559. VI. Garcia, D.A.A., Froes, T.R. Errors in abdominal ultrasonography in dogs and cats // J. of Small Animal Practice. – 2012. Vol. 53. – № 9. – P. 514-519. VII. Garcia, D.A.A., Froes, T.R. Importance of fasting in preparing dogs for abdominal ultrasound examination of specific organs // J. of Small Animal Practice. – 2014. Vol. 55. – № 12. – P. 630-634. VIII. Gaschen, L., Granger, L.A., Oubre, O., Shannon, D., Kearney, M., Gaschen, F. The effects of food intake and its fat composition on intestinal echogenicity in healthy dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2016. Vol. 57. № 5. P. 546-550 IX. Gaschen, L., Kircher, P., Stussi, A., Allenspach, K., Gaschen, F., Doherr, M., Grone, A. Comparison of ultrasonographic findings with clinical activity index (CIBDAI) and diagnosis in dogs with chronic enteropathies // Veterinary radiology and ultrasound. – 2008. – Vol. 49. – № 1. – Р. 56-64. X. Gil, E.M.U. Garcia, D.A.A. Froes, T.R. In utero development of the fetal intestine: Sonographic evaluation and correlation with gestational age and fetal maturity in dogs // Theriogenology. 2015. Vol. 84, №5. Р. 681-686. XI. Gladwin, N.E. Penninck, D.G., Webster, C.R.L. Ultrasonographic evaluation of the thickness of the wall layers in the intestinal tract of dogs // American Journal of Veterinary Research. 2014. Vol. 75, №4. Р. 349-353. XII. Gory, G., Rault, D.N., Gatel, L, Dally, C., Belli, P., Couturier, L., Cauvin, E. Ultrasonographic characteristics of the abdominal esophagus and cardia in dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2014. Vol. 55, № 5. P. 552-560. XIII. Günther, C.S. Lautenschläger, I.E., Scholz, V.B. Assessment of the inter- and intraobserver variability for sonographical measurement of intestinal wall thickness in dogs without gastrointestinal diseases | [Inter-und Intraobserver-Variabilitätbei der sonographischenBestimmung der Darmwanddicke von HundenohnegastrointestinaleErkrankungen] // Tierarztliche Praxis Ausgabe K: Kleintiere – Heimtiere. 2014. Vol. 42 №2. Р. 71-78. XIV. Hanazono, K., Fukumoto, S., Hirayama, K., Takashima, K., Yamane, Y., Natsuhori, M., Kadosawa, T., Uchide, T. Predicting Metastatic Potential of gastrointestinal stromal tumors in dog by ultrasonography // J. of Veterinary Medical Science. – 2012. Vol. 74. – № 11. – P. 1477-1482. XV. Heng, H.G., Lim, Ch.K., Miller, M.A., Broman, M.M.Prevalence and significance of an ultrasonographic colonic muscularishyperechoic band paralleling the serosal layer in dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2015. Vol. 56 № 6. P. 666-669. XVI. Ivančić, M., Mai, W. Qualitative and quantitative comparison of renal vs. hepatic ultrasonographic intensity in healthy dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2008. Vol. 49. № 4. Р. 368-373. XVII. Lamb, C.R., Mantis, P. Ultrasonographic features of intestinal intussusception in 10 dogs // J. of Small Animal Practice. – 2008. Vol. 39. – № 9. – P. 437-441. XVIII. Le Roux, A. B., Granger, L.A., Wakamatsu, N, Kearney, M.T., Gaschen, L.Ex vivo correlation of ultrasonographic small intestinal wall layering with histology in dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound.2016. Vol. 57. № 5. P. 534-545. XIX. Nielsen, T. High-frequency ultrasound of Peyer’s patches in the small intestine of young cats / T. Nielsen [et al.] // Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. – 2015. – Vol. 18, № 4. – Р. 303-309. XX. PenninckD.G. Gastrointestinal tract. In Nyland T.G., Mattoon J.S. (eds): Small Animal Diagnostic Ultrasound. Philadelphia: WB Saunders. 2002, 2nd ed. Р. 207-230. XXI. PenninckD.G. Gastrointestinal tract. In: PenninckD.G.,d´Anjou M.A. Atlas of Small Animal Ultrasonography. Blackwell Publishing, Iowa. 2008. Р. 281-318. XXII. Penninck, D.G., Nyland, T.G., Kerr, L.Y., Fisher, P.E. Ultrasonographic evaluation of gastrointestinal diseases in small animals // Veterinary Radiology. 1990. Vol. 31. №3. P. 134-141. XXIII. Penninck, D.G.,Webster, C.R.L.,Keating, J.H. The sonographic appearance of intestinal mucosal fibrosis in cats // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. – 2010. – Vol. 51, № 4. – Р. 458-461. XXIV. Pollard, R.E.,Johnson, E.G., Pesavento, P.A., Baker, T.W., Cannon, A.B., Kass, P.H., Marks, S.L. Effects of corn oil administered orally on conspicuity of ultrasonographic small intestinal lesions in dogs with lymphangiectasia // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2013. Vol. 54. № 4. P. 390-397. XXV. Rault, D.N., Besso, J.G., Boulouha, L., Begon, D., Ruel, Y. Significance of a common extended mucosal interface observed in transverse small intestine sonograms // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2004. Vol. 45. №2. Р. 177-179. XXVI. Sutherland-Smith, J., Penninck, D.G., Keating, J.H., Webster, C.R.L. Ultrasonographic intestinal hyperechoic mucosal striations in dogs are associated with lacteal dilation // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. – 2007. Vol. 48. – № 1. – P. 51-57. View | Download EVALUATION OF ADAPTIVE POTENTIAL IN MEDICAL STUDENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF SEASONAL DYNAMICS Authors: Larisa A. Merdenova,Elena A. Takoeva,Marina I. Nartikoeva,Victoria A. Belyayeva,Fatima S. Datieva,Larisa R. Datieva, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00046 Abstract: The aim of this work was to assess the functional reserves of the body to quantify individual health; adaptation, psychophysiological characteristics of the health quality of medical students in different seasons of the year. When studying the temporal organization of physiological functions, the rhythm parameters of physiological functions were determined, followed by processing the results using the Cosinor Analysis program, which reveals rhythms with an unknown period for unequal observations, evaluates 5 parameters of sinusoidal rhythms (mesor, amplitude, acrophase, period, reliability). The essence of desynchronization is the mismatch of circadian rhythms among themselves or destruction of the rhythms architectonics (instability of acrophases or their disappearance). Desynchronization with respect to the rhythmic structure of the body is of a disregulatory nature, most pronounced in pathological desynchronization. High neurotism, increased anxiety reinforces the tendency to internal desynchronization, which increases with stress. During examination stress, students experience a decrease in the stability of the temporary organization of the biosystem and the tension of adaptive mechanisms develops, which affects attention, mental performance and the quality of adaptation to the educational process. Time is shortened and the amplitude of the “initial minute” decreases, personal and situational anxiety develops, and the level of psychophysiological adaptation decreases. The results of the work are priority because they can be used in assessing quality and level of health. Keywords: Desynchronosis,biorhythms,psycho-emotional stress,mesor,acrophase,amplitude,individual minute, Refference: I. Arendt, J., Middleton, B. Human seasonal and circadian studies in Antarctica (Halley, 75_S) – General and Comparative Endocrinology. 2017: 250-259. (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.05.010). II. BalandinYu.P. A brief methodological guide on the use of the agro-industrial complex “Health Sources” / Yu.P. Balandin, V.S. Generalov, V.F. Shishlov. Ryazan, 2007. III. Buslovskaya L.K. Adaptation reactions in students at exam stress/ L.K. Buslovskaya, Yu.P. Ryzhkova. Scientific bulletin of Belgorod State University. Series: Natural Sciences. 2011;17(21):46-52. IV. Chutko L. S. Sindromjemocionalnogovygoranija – Klinicheskie I psihologicheskieaspekty./ L.S Chutko. Moscow: MEDpress-inform, 2013. V. Eroshina K., Paul Wilkinson, Martin Mackey. The role of environmental and social factors in the occurrence of diseases of the respiratory tract in children of primary school age in Moscow. Medicine. 2013:57-71. VI. Fagrell B. “Microcirculation of the Skin”. The physiology and pharmacology of the microcirculation. 2013:423. VII. Gurova O.A. Change in blood microcirculation in students throughout the day. New research. 2013; 2 (35):66-71. VIII. Khetagurova L.G. – Stress/Ed. L.G. Khetagurov. Vladikavkaz: Project-Press Publishing House, 2010. IX. Khetagurova L.G., Urumova L.T. et al. Stress (chronomedical aspects). International Journal of Experimental Education 2010; 12: 30-31. X. Khetagurova L.G., Salbiev K.D., Belyaev S.D., Datieva F.S., Kataeva M.R., Tagaeva I.R. Chronopathology (experimental and clinical aspects/ Ed. L.G. Khetagurov, K.D. Salbiev, S.D.Belyaev, F.S. Datiev, M.R. Kataev, I.R. Tagaev. Moscow: Science, 2004. XI. KlassinaS.Ya. Self-regulatory reactions in the microvasculature of the nail bed of fingers in person with psycho-emotional stress. Bulletin of new medical technologies, 2013; 2 (XX):408-412. XII. Kovtun O.P., Anufrieva E.V., Polushina L.G. Gender-age characteristics of the component composition of the body in overweight and obese schoolchildren. Medical Science and Education of the Urals. 2019; 3:139-145. XIII. Kuchieva M.B., Chaplygina E.V., Vartanova O.T., Aksenova O.A., Evtushenko A.V., Nor-Arevyan K.A., Elizarova E.S., Efremova E.N. A comparative analysis of the constitutional features of various generations of healthy young men and women in the Rostov Region. Modern problems of science and education. 2017; 5:50-59. XIV. Mathias Adamsson1, ThorbjörnLaike, Takeshi Morita – Annual variation in daily light expo-sure and circadian change of melatonin and cortisol consent rations at a northern latitude with large seasonal differences in photoperiod length – Journal of Physiological Anthropology. 2017; 36: 6 – 15. XV. Merdenova L.A., Tagaeva I.R., Takoeva E.A. Features of the study of biological rhythms in children. The results of fundamental and applied research in the field of natural and technical sciences. Materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference. Belgorod, 2017, pp. 119-123. XVI. Ogarysheva N.V. The dynamics of mental performance as a criterion for adapting to the teaching load. Bulletin of the Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 2014;16:5 (1): S.636-638. XVII. Pekmezovi T. Gene-environment interaction: A genetic-epidemiological approach. Journal of Medical Biochemistry. 2010;29:131-134. XVIII. Rapoport S.I., Chibisov S.M. Chronobiology and chronomedicine: history and prospects/Ed. S.M. Chibisov, S.I. Rapoport ,, M.L. Blagonravova. Chronobiology and Chronomedicine: Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN) Press. Moscow, 2018. XIX. Roustit M., Cracowski J.L. “Non-invasive assessment of skin microvascular function in humans: an insight into methods” – Microcirculation 2012; 19 (1): 47-64. XX. Rud V.O., FisunYu.O. – References of the circadian desinchronosis in students. Ukrainian Bulletin of Psychoneurology. 2010; 18(2) (63): 74-77. XXI. Takoeva Z. A., Medoeva N. O., Berezova D. T., Merdenova L. A. et al. Long-term analysis of the results of chronomonitoring of the health of the population of North Ossetia; Vladikavkaz Medical and Biological Bulletin. 2011; 12(12,19): 32-38. XXII. Urumova L.T., Tagaeva I.R., Takoeva E.A., Datieva L.R. – The study of some health indicators of medical students in different periods of the year. Health and education in the XXI century. 2016; 18(4): 94-97. XXIII. Westman J. – Complex diseases. In: Medical genetics for the modern clinician. USA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006. XXIV. Yadrischenskaya T.V. Circadian biorhythms of students and their importance in educational activities. Problems of higher education. Pacific State University Press. 2016; 2:176-178. View | Download TRIADIC COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS Authors: Stanislav A.Kudzh,Victor Ya. Tsvetkov, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00047 Abstract: The present study of comparison methods based on the triadic model introduces the following concepts: the relation of comparability and the relation of comparison, and object comparison and attributive comparison. The difference between active and passive qualitative comparison is shown, two triadic models of passive and active comparison and models for comparing two and three objects are described. Triadic comparison models are proposed as an alternative to dyadic comparison models. Comparison allows finding the common and the different; this approach is proposed for the analysis of the nomothetic and ideographic method of obtaining knowledge. The nomothetic method identifies and evaluates the general, while the ideographic method searches for unique in parameters and in combinations of parameters. Triadic comparison is used in systems and methods of argumentation, as well as in the analysis of consistency/inconsistency. Keywords: Comparative analysis,dyad,triad,triadic model,comparability relation,object comparison,attributive comparison,nomothetic method,ideographic method, Refference: I. AltafS., Aslam.M.Paired comparison analysis of the van Baarenmodel using Bayesian approach with noninformativeprior.Pakistan Journal of Statistics and Operation Research 8(2) (2012) 259{270. II. AmooreJ. E., VenstromD Correlations between stereochemical assessments and organoleptic analysis of odorous compounds. Olfaction and Taste (2016) 3{17. III. BarnesJ., KlingerR. Embedding projection for targeted cross-lingual sentiment: model comparisons and a real-world study. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 66 (2019) 691{742. doi.org/10.1613/jair.1.11561 IV. Castro-SchiloL., FerrerE.Comparison of nomothetic versus idiographic-oriented methods for making predictions about distal outcomes from time series data. Multivariate Behavioral Research 48(2) (2013) 175{207. V. De BonaG.et al. Classifying inconsistency measures using graphs. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 66 (2019) 937{987. VI. FideliR. La comparazione. Milano: Angeli, 1998. VII. GordonT. F., PrakkenH., WaltonD. The Carneades model of argument and burden of proof. Artificial Intelligence 10(15) (2007) 875{896. VIII. GrenzS.J. The social god and the relational self: A Triad theology of the imago Dei. Westminster: John Knox Press, 2001. IX. HermansH.J. M.On the integration of nomothetic and idiographic research methods in the study of personal meaning.Journal of Personality 56(4) (1988) 785{812. X. JamiesonK. G., NowakR. Active ranking using pairwise comparisons.Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (2011) 2240{2248. XI. JongsmaC.Poythress’s triad logic: a review essay. Pro Rege 42(4) (2014) 6{15. XII. KärkkäinenV.M. Trinity and Religious Pluralism: The Doctrine of the Trinity in Christian Theology of Religions. London: Routledge, 2017. XIII. KudzhS. A., TsvetkovV.Ya. Triadic systems. Russian Technology Magazine 7(6) (2019) 74{882. XIV. NelsonK.E.Some observations from the perspective of the rare event cognitive comparison theory of language acquisition.Children’s Language 6 (1987) 289{331. XV. NiskanenA., WallnerJ., JärvisaloM.Synthesizing argumentation frameworks from examples. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 66 (2019) 503{554. XVI. PührerJ.Realizability of three-valued semantics for abstract dialectical frameworks.Artificial Intelligence 278 (2020) 103{198. XVII. SwansonG.Frameworks for comparative research: structural anthropology and the theory of action. In: Vallier, Ivan (Ed.). Comparative methods in sociology: essays on trends and applications.Berkeley: University of California Press, 1971 141{202. XVIII. TsvetkovV.Ya.Worldview model as the result of education.World Applied Sciences Journal 31(2) (2014) 211{215. XIX. TsvetkovV. Ya. Logical analysis and variable scales. Slavic Forum 4(22) (2018) 103{109. XX. Wang S. et al. Transit traffic analysis zone delineating method based on Thiessen polygon. Sustainability 6(4) (2014) 1821{1832. View | Download DEVELOPING TECHNOLOGY OF CREATING WEAR-RESISTANT CERAMIC COATING FOR ICE CYLINDER

JOURNAL ARTICLE published 30 June 2020 in JOURNAL OF MECHANICS OF CONTINUA AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES

Authors: Anatoliy V Chavdarov

The Performance of Public Enterprises

BOOK CHAPTER published 27 May 2020 in The Routledge Handbook of State-Owned Enterprises

Authors: Sergio Perelman | Pierre Pestieau